Pig Management Diseases Flashcards
(34 cards)
Name some common pig parasites
Hyostrongylus rubidus, Trichuris suis, Metastrongylus apri, Sarcoptes scabei
(and Isospora suis, but that’s not in this lecture)
What are some management problems with outdoor sows?
Cold, sunburn, salt poisoning, bird strike, starvation/bullying
What is thin sow syndrome?
= Inadequate body condition to function properly
Caused by: Feeding too little in pregnancy or lactation, Bullying, Excess E loss (cold), Parasitism (internal or external)
Damage can occur b/c of poor SQ fat cover = common when farrowing indoors and on concrete.
Where are lesions most common with thin sow syndrome?
Over the shoulder (also seen on hips and back)
Describe hyostrongylus rubidus infection in pigs (CS), and how do you dx?
Gives gastric mucosa a leather appearance
Weight loss in lactation (continues post-weaning)
NO DIARRHEA
Reduced fertility (prolonged weaning-service)
Dx = FEC and plasma pepsinogen
Describe trichuris suis infection in pigs (CS)
Mild diarrhea
Reduced weight gain
Cause mucosal damage that can be invaded by secondary infections
Immunity develops w/ age
Describe Metastrongylus apri infection (CS)
Coughing, Dyspnea
Reduced growth and emphysematous lesions in diaphragmatic lobes of outdoor pigs
(this is the main lungworm in the UK)
What is the intermediate host for metastrongylus apri?
Earthworms
Describe sarcoptes scabei infection in pigs (CS)
Intense pruritis can contribute to thin sow syndrome mites found around ears Lesions = hypersensitivity reaction Infection spread pig to pig and from environment (mite can survive 2 weeks off pig)
Name 3 premixed anthelmintics and how long are they given for?
Ivermectins - 7d
Benzimidazoles/Flubendazoles - 5d growers, 10d breeders
Name 2 water soluble anthelmintic, how long are they given?
Panacur (fenbendazole) - 2d
Solubenol (flubendazole) - 2d growers/finishers, 5d breeders
Name a parenteral anthelmintic
Ivermectin
What is the worming protocol for breeding stock?
Worm 2x/year - Spring & Autumn
What is the worming protocol for fattening pigs?
Worm every 2 months, from weaning
not done routinely in UK fattening stock unless high levels of milk spot detected at abattoir
What are some managemental farrowing problems? (6)
Farrowing crate adjustment
Use of prostaglandin @ wrong day of gestation
Positioning of creep lights
Poor colostral intake (supervised farrowing)
Poor hygiene at interference
Trauma in farrowing crate
From what day in gestation are pigs viable?
Giving prostaglandin early can cause what?
-Viable from day 111
-Prostaglandins are used to induce farrowing, giving early can lead to: premature piglets!
Which in turn leads to –> increased risk of splay leg, possible compromise of colostral quantity and quality
How do you position creep lights?
Period after farrowing is critical
Should be placed to rear of sow and in the creep area
Rear lights should be switched off after the sow has finished farrowing
Piglets will then be safe in the creep area away from sow
What causes salt poisoning?
Water deprivation or or excess dietary salt
Can affect immobile individuals
Freezing conditions, drought, burst pipes can reduce water
CS of salt poisoning?
Seizures
Prostration w/ paddling
Coma
Death (if total water deprivation)
If water deprivation isn’t complete, or this is a result of increased salt intake = blindness, unresponsiveess to external stimuli, inappetance, head pressing, circling, convulsions
What is the pathognomonic PM finding for salt poisoning?
Meningoencephalitis w/ edema & eosinophil accumulations around vessels of cerebral cortex and meninges
How do you treat salt poisoning?
Change to low Na diet
Re-introduce water slowly (quick re-introduction of water can exacerbate CS)
Betamethasone 2mg/kg
Keep in subdued light
Euthanize if no improvement after 36 hours
What kind of anemia is iron deficiency anemia?
Hypochromic, microcytic
How much iron does a piglet need and how much from sow’s milk?
15mg/day needed, 1mg/day from milk
What are CS of iron deficiency anemia seen in piglets?
10-14 days
