Flashcards in Plantar Foot Deck (69)
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1
plantar fascia
tough connective tissue layer of deep fascia continuous wit that of dorsum of foot attached laterally and medially to 5th and 1st metatarsal respectively
2
plantar aponeurosis?
thickened central portion of plantar fascia
3
superficial layer of plantar aponeurosis
longitudinally oriented fibers attaching proximally to tuberosity of calcaneous
distally provide slips which fuse with and reinforce fibrous digital sheaths
4
deep layer of plantar aponeurosis
transversely oriented fibers attached to heads of metactarsals forming superficial transverse metatarsal ligament
5
transverse fasciculi
transverse oriented bundles of deep fascia which reinforce webs of toes
6
fibrous digital sheaths
specializations of deep fascia
anchored to phalanges
form fibro-osseous canal that prevents bowstring of flexor tendons
7
synovial digital sheath
line the fibrous digital sheaths to lubricate them
8
intermuscular septa in plantar foot?
lateral and medial
extend from lateral and medial edges of plantar aponeurosis to attach to 1st and 5th metatarsal
delineate two compartments
9
two compartments of plantar foot?
medial compartment - great toe
lateral compartment - 5th toe
10
contents of medial compartment?
flexor and abductor for great toe
tendon of flexor hallucis longus and medial plantar vessel and nerves
11
contents of lateral compartment?
contains abductor and flexor muscle of digiti minimi
12
central compartment?
deep to plantar aponeurosis and contains flexor digitorum brevis, lumbricals, quadratus plantae, adductor hallucis longus, tendons of flexor digitorum longus, lateral plantar vessels and nerves
13
interosseous compartment
defined as existing between layers of plantar and dorsal interosseous fascia and contains the interosseous muscles
14
layers of muscle in foot?
four
3-2-3-2
15
plane of reference in foot?
2nd toe!
16
muscles of first layer
abductor hallucis
abductor digiti minimi
flexor digitorum brevis
17
attachments of abductor hallucis?
origin:
calcaneus
insertion:
medial side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe
18
action of abductor hallucis
abducts great toe
19
innervation of abductor hallucis
medial plantar nerve
20
attachment of abductor digiti minimi
origin:
calcaneus
insertion:
lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of fifth digit
21
action of abductor digiti minimi
abducts 5th digit
22
innervation of abductor digiti minimi?
lateral plantar nerve
23
attachments of flexor digitorum brevis
origin:
calcaneus
insertion:
middle phalanges of four small toes
24
actions of flexor digitorum brevis?
flexes middle and proximal phalanges of four small toes
25
innervation of flexor digitorum brevis
medial plantar nerve
26
tendons of flexor digitorum brevis?
bifurcate!
allows passage of tendons from flexor digitorum longus to reach distal phalanges
27
posterior tibial artery and nerve?
divide to lateral and medial plantar branches
deep to proximal abductor hallucis and pass forward between muscles of 1st and 2nd layers
28
muscles of second layer?
quadratus plantae
lumbricals
29
what tendons pass through second layer?
flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus
30
