Flashcards in Joints of the Lower Limb Deck (70)
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1
type of joint in hip?
synovial ball and socket
2
articulation of hip joint?
head of femur and acetabulum
3
what deepens hip socket?
transverse acetabular ligament
acetabular labrum
4
acetabular labrum
fibrocartilage rim attached to bony rim of acetabulum and transverse acetabular ligament
5
capsule attachments in hip?
superior - brim of acetabulum near transverse ligament
inferior - anteriorly to intertrochanteric line and junction of neck and femur with trochanter
posteriorly possesses a free (unattached) border that covers 2/3 proximal femoral neck
6
structure of capsule in hip?
two laminae of fibers
superficial lamina
deep lamina
7
superficial lamina of hip capsule
longitudinal fibers that limit movement of limb in specific direction
8
deep lamina of hip capsule
circular fibers (zona orbicularis) which provide screw home effect between head of femur and acetabulum
**increases stability
9
iliofemoral ligament
Y shaped inverted
-one of strongest in body
attaches superiorly to AIIS and inferiorly to intertrochanteric line and inferior portion of greater trochanter
10
when is iliofemoral ligament tightest?
in full extension
11
pubofemoral ligament
forms medial inferior portion of capsule
attaches medially to brim of pubic portion of acetabulum and obturator crest of superior pubic ramus and laterally to neck of femur near lesser throchanter
12
function of pubofemoral ligament?
limits abduction, becomes tight in extension
13
gap between what ligaments?
ilio and pubofemoral ligaments anteriorly and inferiorly
covered by psoas major and its bursa
-iliopectineal bursa
14
ischiofemoral ligament
attached posteriorly to ischial portion of acetabulum, laterally to neck of femur medial to root of greater trochanter
fibers compromising the ligament spiral in their course
forms posterior free margin of capsule
becomes tight in extension
15
ligamentum teres capitis femoris
arises from edge of acetabular notch and transverse acetabular ligament
attaches to fovea capitis of femur
limits adduction***
also has artery
16
synovial lining of hip
surrounds/lines non-articular elements of joint
17
arterial supply of hip
lateral and medial femoral circumflex
superior and inferior gluteal
obturator artery provides branch to head of femur
18
innervation of hip joint?
articular branches from nerves to muscles which surround joint
-femoral, superior gluteal, nerve to quadratus femoris
19
limits to range of motion at hip?
capsular and intracapsular ligaments
soft tissue
opposite limb
20
what is more powerful at hip?
lateral rotation of thigh
21
type of joint at knee
synovial modified hinge (does allow some rotation)
22
joint articulations of knee
femoral and tibial condyles and femur with patella
23
osseous modification of knee joint?
expanded roller surface of femur and expanded tibial plateau
24
what guides rotation of knee?
intercondylar eminence
25
capsule of knee attachments?
superiorly to condyles and intercondylar fossa of femur
inferiorly to margins of tibial condyles
thicker posteriorly
laterally, buttressed by IT tract, anteriorly by expansions of fascia lata
small openings for communications between muscular bursa and synovial cavity of joint
26
lateral and medial patellar retinacula
expansion of vastus lateralis and medialis that pass from attachments of these muscles on patella to the tibial condyles as far posterior as collateral ligaments
27
oblique popliteal ligament
expansion of semimembranous tendon superolaterally toward lateral femoral condyle
28
arcuate popliteal ligament
expansion of attachment of biceps femoris to fibular head
arches superiorly and medially over popliteus muscle
29
ligaments of capsule in knee
lateral and medial patella retinacula
oblique popliteal
arcuate popliteal
30
