Platelets/Retics

Question 1

What is a platelet?

Answer 1

a disc shaped blood cell that facilitates blood coagulation (clotting)

Question 2

What are the 4 clotting functions that a platelet performs?

Answer 2

maintain vascular integrity, help arrest bleeding, contribute to fibrin formation promote vascular healing

Question 3

How do you obtain a manual platelet count?

Answer 3

count platelets in 10 fields, then average, then multiply by 15,000

Question 4

What units is a platelets count recorded in?

Answer 4

/uL

Question 5

What is the normal platelet count for canines?

Answer 5

200,000-500,000/uL

Question 6

What is a normal platelet count for felines?

Answer 6

300,000-800,00/uL

Question 7

Why would an animal have thrombocytosis (high platelet count)?

Answer 7

primary bone marrow disorders, secondary to disease, physiological

Question 8

Why would an animal have thrombocytopenia (low platelets)?

Answer 8

abnormal platelet production, accelerated platelet removal, abnormal distribution of platelets, combination of above

Question 9

What are platelets also called?

Answer 9

thrombocytes

Question 10

What do platelets derive from?

Answer 10

megakarocyte

Question 11

Where are platelets produced?

Answer 11

bone marrow

Question 12

All platelets are _______.

Answer 12

anucleated

Question 13

Canine platelet morphology

Answer 13

small, round to oval shaped, light blue

Question 13

Feline platelet morphology

Answer 13

small, round to oval shaped, light blue

Question 14

When can macroplatelets be found?

Answer 14

when there is a demand for platelets

Question 15

Cat platelets tend to _______________.

Answer 15

clump easily

Question 16

An average of _______ platelets per field

Answer 16

7-21 platelets

Question 17

What is used most by clinical blood machines?

Answer 17

impedance-based platelet counts

Question 18

What two species is platelet clumping normal in?

Answer 18

cats and cows

Question 19

What is thrombocytosis?

Answer 19

increase in thrombocytes

Question 20

What is thrombocytopenia?

Answer 20

decrease in platelets

Question 21

What are some clinical signs of anemia?

Answer 21

pale MM, increased RR, lethargic, may even collapse

Question 22

What is the most common red cell disturbance in animals?

Answer 22

anemia

Question 23

What is regenerative anemia?

Answer 23

indicates that the body is responding to the decreased level of red blood cells in the body

Question 24

What is nonregenerative anemia?

Answer 24

indicated that the body is not responding to the decreased levels of red blood cells in the body

Question 25

What are reticulocytes?

Answer 25

young, anucleated erythrocytes

Question 26

What are the two methods of performing a reticulocyte count?

Answer 26

tube methods, slide methods

Question 27

How is the tube method performed?

Answer 27

mix equal amounts of whole blood and new methylene blue stain in a small test tube, allow to stand for 10-15 minutes, prepare blood smear

Question 28

How you manually get a reticulocyte count?

Answer 28

use tube method to create blood smear count reticulocytes in 10 fields, add all and divide by 10 (record as %)

Question 29

What types of reticulocytes do cats have?

Answer 29

aggregate and punctate

Question 30

What reticulocytes do you count in cats?

Answer 30

aggregated

Question 31

What is the difference between aggregate and punctate reticulocytes?

Answer 31

aggregate granules clump, punctate have less granules

Question 32

How long does it take for aggregate to change to punctate?

Answer 32

12-24 hours

Question 33

How long do punctate reticulocytes circulate in the blood?

Answer 33

7-10 days

Question 34

What is a marked degree of anemia in cats?

Answer 34

severe anemia, >5.0% reticulocyte count, >200,00/uL ARC

Question 35

What is anisocytosis?

Answer 35

varying sizes

Question 36

What are some causes of nonregenerative anemia?

Answer 36

chronic renal disease, hypothyroidism, hypoadrenocorticism (Addison's disease)

Question 37

What is erythroblastosis?

Answer 37

production of immature RBCs

Question 38

Why would a non-anemic animal have NRBCs?

Answer 38

bone marrow injury, splenic function abnormality, seen with basophilic stippling (lead poisoning)

Question 39

What is reticulocytosis?

Answer 39

increased amount of reticulocytes

Question 40

How long does it take for reticulocytes to be seen in anemic animals?

Answer 40

takes 2-3 days

Question 41

What is a marked degree of anemia in dogs?

Answer 41

severe anemia, 500,00/uL ARC

Question 42

What should you assume a normal HCT for dogs is?

Answer 42

45%

Question 43

What should you assume a normal HCT for cats is?

Answer 43

35%

Question 44

What is a normal CRP in dogs?

Answer 44

<1%

Question 45

What is a normal CRP in cats?

Answer 45

<0.4%

Question 46

RBC production should ____________.

Answer 46

production should equal destruction

Question 47

What is a normal red cell production index (RPI)?

Answer 47

~1 day

Question 48

What is the shape of a thrombocyte?

Answer 48

round to oval shaped

Question 49

Thrombocytes are technically not cells because they lack a ________.

Answer 49

nucleus

Question 50

What type of platelet is a normal finding in a King Charles Cavalier Spaniel?

Answer 50

macroplatelets

Question 51

Regenerative is a good thing except in what species?

Answer 51

horses

Question 52

What species platelets are very small?

Answer 52

llamas