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COM Anatomy, Biochemistry, OS > Posterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

posterior abdominal wall muscles

A

posar maj, min, quadratus lumborum, iliacus

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2
Q

psoas major:

A

Prox att: T12-L5
Distal att: lesser trochanter via common tendon w/iliacus

innervation: L2,3,4 via lumbar plexus
actions: flexion at hip+unilateral sidebending

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3
Q

iliacus

A

prox: iliac fossa
distal: lesser trochanter via common tendion w/psoas mah

innervation: femoral n.
actions: flexion at the hip

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4
Q

Psoas minor

A

Prox att: T12-L1
Distal att: pectineal line on superior pubic ramus

innervation: L1 and L2

fixes the 12th rib during DEEP INSPIRATION
depresses 12 rib

assists in bilateral trunk extension, side bending

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5
Q

what’s the big thing the psoas minor does during respiration?

A

it fixes the rib during deep inspiration

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6
Q

Quadratus Lumborum m.

A

prox att: iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament
distal att: medial, inferior aspect of 12 rib

innervation T12-L4

fixes rib during inspiration (compare to posas minor, which fixes the rib during DEEP inspiration)

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7
Q

Psoas Syndrome

A 
pain in the lumbosacral region 
Pain in the contralateral gluteal region
radiation of pain usually stopping at the knee
difficulty standing up straight 
may mimic herniated disc
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8
Q

Differential diagnosis for psoas syndrome

A

appendicitis, colon cancer, hip dysfunction, diverticulitis

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9
Q

all the abdominal aorta arteries that branch off at T12

A

celiac trunk
inferior phrenic
middle and superior suprarenal

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10
Q

all the abdominal aorta arteries that branch off a L1

A

SMA
first lumbar
inferior supra renal
1/2 renal (L1/L2)

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11
Q

all the abdominal aorta arteries that branch off a L2

A

1/2 renal a., gonadal a. second lumbar a.

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12
Q

all the abdominal aorta arteries that branch off a L3

A

IMA, third lumbar

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13
Q

all the abdominal aorta arteries that branch off at L4

A

fourth lumbar a

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14
Q

all the abdominal aorta arteries that branch off a L5

A

bifurcation

r/l common iliac, r/l external iliacs, r/l internal iliacs, median sacral a.

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15
Q

respiratory diaphragm

borders

A

xiphisternal joint
costal margin
vertebral body T12
right and left domes are at T12, but superior surface can extend to rib 5

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16
Q

3 peripheral origins of diaphragm inset on the central tendon

A
  1. sternal origin
  2. costal origin
  3. vertebral origin
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17
Q

Right and left crus of the diaphragm

A

MEET at the aortic hiatus

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18
Q

right crus

A

longer, forms esophageal hiatus

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19
Q

left crus

A

shorter and more lateral

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20
Q

Caval opening is @

A

T8

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21
Q

T8: opening, and structures

Study These Flashcards
A

caval opening, IVC, branches of right phrenic nerve, lymphatics from liver

22
Q

T10: opening, and structures

Study These Flashcards
A

Esophageal hiatus

esophagus, anterior/posterior vagal trunks, esophageal branches of left gastric a.

23
Q

T12: opening, structures

Study These Flashcards
A

aortic hiatus, aorta, thoracic duct

azygous vein

24
Q

sternocostal hiatus

Study These Flashcards
A

superior epigastric vessels

25
arcuate ligaments: name them
median, medial, lateral
26
arcuate ligaments form what posterior structures?
Median arcuate lig: aortic hiatus medial arcuate lig: gap for psoas maj. lateral arcuate lig: gap for quadratus lumborum
27
Parasternal hernias
sternocostal triangle | located between sternal and costal parts of diaphragm
28
Pleuroperitoneal hernias
lunbocostal triangle | located between 12 rib and diaphragm
29
this hernia occurs between the sternal and costal parts of the diaphragm
parasternal, in the sterncostal triangle
30
this hernia occurs between the 12th rib and the diaphragm
pleuroperitoneal hernias
31
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
failure of pleuroperitoneal membranes to fuse with other components of the diaphragm
32
Respiratory distress and cyanosis in the first minutes or hours of life
congenital diaphragmatic hernia unusually flat abdomen usually occurs within the first hour of life
33
Hiatal hernia
occurs through esophageal hiatus into mediastinum, 2 kinds: sliding and paraesophageal
34
Sliding hernia
abdominal esophagus, cardia, and fundus of the stomach slide superiorly into the thorax some regurgitation of gastric content may occur
35
Paraesophageal hernia
cardia remains in position, but the fundus extends through the hiatus , usually no regurgitation.
36
Blood supply to diaphragm: superior surface
pericardiacophrenic A musculophrenic A superior phrenic A
37
Blood supply to diaphragm: inferior surface
inferior phrenic A R: passes posterior to IVC L: passes posterior to esophagus
38
Innervation of diaphragm: motor
MOTOR: C3,4,5 keeps the diaphragm alive- only motor innervation. some branches run with phrenic A
39
Innervation of diaphragm: sensory
the central tendon (central part)- phrenic n. | peripheral portion: intercostal n.
40
Lymphatics: basic reminder
thoracic duct drains 3/4 of body + left side of upper extremities
41
Lymphatics: superior surface
Anterior diaphragmatic nodes ---> parasternal nodes
42
Lymphatics: posterior surface
Posterior diaphragmatic nodes --> mediastinal nodes
43
Lymphatics: inferior surface
celiac nodes | superior lumbar nodes
44
where is the cisterna chyle?
behind (roughly) the superior mesenteric plexus
45
Lower Extremity, Perineum, Gluteal region: lymphatic must travel
through the abdomen ---> thoracic duct (L1/L2)
46
Body wall: lymphatics must travel
to the lumbar lymph trunks ---> thoracic duct (L1/L2)
47
GI tracts: lymphatics must travel
enters intestinal lymph trunks ---> thoracic duct (L1/L2)
48
celiac nodes --->
intestinal lymphatic trunk
49
lumbar nodes -->
intestinal lymphatic trunk
50
superior mesenteric nodes -->
intestinal lymphatic trunk
51
inferior mesenteric nodes --->
intestinal lymphatic trunk
52
cisterna chyli
collects lymph from intestinal lymphatic trunk and lumbar lymphatic trunks

COM Anatomy, Biochemistry, OS (34 decks)

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