Posterior Pituitary - Unit 1 Flashcards
What hormone comes from the posterior pituitary?
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH/Vasopressin)
What does ADH do?
Increases water reabsorption/prevent water loss through urination.
When is ADH released?
Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus sense increased osmotic pressure and baroreceptors (heart and vessels) sense volume depletion.
When too much ADH is secreted by the post.. pit gland, what happens?
Excess fluid is reabsorbed into the vascular system.
What happens with SIADH?
Water retention, increased vascular volume and decreased sodium level.
What physical assessment things might be find with someone who has SIADH?
Crackles, confusion, lethargy, concentrated urine because water is in the body.
What are some interventions for SIADH?
Fluid restriction, promote water excretion (sodium sparing diuretics), sodium replacement, teaching and safety, providing oral care for dry mucous membranes, I/O
When preparing to administer meds through an NG tube, the nurse should dissolve the meds in water?
Saline!
What is a patient with ADH deficiency at risk for?
Dehydration!
What is diabetes insipidus?
Excreting large amounts of urine!
Diabetes Insipidus - primary and secondary. What are they?
Primary - hypothalamus or pituitary defect causing decreased ADH production or release.
Secondary - Other processes that reduce ADH production (trauma, tumor, infection, surgery, etc.)
What are some assessment findings for DI?
Water loss, decreased vascular volume, tacky for sure, low BP, dilute urine, etc.
What are some interventions for DI? (drugs, etc)
Drugs (Chlorpropamide, which works with ADH in the body, and Desmopressin Acetate, which is synthetic ADH in blood.)
What are some interventions for DI that nurses do?
Accurate I&O, daily weight, aim for oral intake = urine output, IV intake, monitor for neuro changes.
