PR CST GENERALITIES, D. LATUM, TAENIA SPP. Flashcards
(91 cards)
1
Q
Have a tape/ribbon like appearance
A
Cestodes
2
Q
Adult worms appear as
A
flat and ribbon like
3
Q
T/F All cestodes are hermaphrodites
A
T
4
Q
T/F All cestodes are unsegmented
A
F; segmented
5
Q
T/F Cestodes do not have a gastrointestinal tract and a circulatory system.
A
T
6
Q
Cestodes obtain nutrients via absorption and diffusion through their ____________
A
tegument
7
Q
Adult worms inhabit the
A
small intestine
8
Q
body covering of cestodes
A
Tegument
9
Q
Eggs (except for D. latum) are (characteristic)
A
non-operculated, embryonated
10
Q
carbohydrate rich, useful for protection
A
Glycocalyx
11
Q
- attachment organ, holdfast organ
- Used by parasites to attach to small intestine
A
Scolex
12
Q
Cup-like suckers and adds to virulence
A
Acetabulate (Acetabulum)
13
Q
slit-like groove or depression
A
Bothriate (Bothrium)
14
Q
Bothriate (shape)
A
Spoon, spatulate, almond-shaped
15
Q
T/F Bothrium has a rostellum, no hooks, no suckers
A
F, no rostellum
16
Q
only parasite with bothria
A
D. latum
17
Q
protruding structure where hooks are attached
A
Rostellum
18
Q
Difference of armed and unarmed rostellum
A
Armed - has hooks / hooklets
Unarmed - no hooks
19
Q
T/F Not all tapeworms have rostellum
A
T
20
Q
region of growth, where proglottids arise
A
Neck
21
Q
tapeworm segments
A
Proglottids
22
Q
Segment of proglottid
- Most proximal (closest to neck)
- Still developing, no reproductive structures
A
Immature
23
Q
Segment of proglottid
- Presence of well-developed reproductive structures
- Uterus, ovaries, testes, vitellaria, vas deferens (which connect to the genital pore)
A
Mature
24
Q
Segment of proglottid
- Most distal from neck
- Filled with eggs
A
Gravid / Ripe
25
chain of proglottids
Strobila
26
process of formation of
proglottids
Strobilization/strobulation
27
Two Orders of Tapeworms
Order Pseudophyllidea
Order Cyclophyllidea
28
Order Pseudophyllidea is also called as
False Tapeworm
29
Order Cyclophyllidea is also called as
True Tapeworm
30
Determine what order
Scolex
- Spoon, almond, spatulate
- 2 slit like grooves (bothria)
- No rostellum and no hooks
Order Pseudophyllidea
31
Determine what order
Scolex
- Quadrate (square-like)
- May possess rostellum
- 4 cup like suckers
Order Cyclophyllidea
32
Difference of orders in strobila
Order Pseudophyllidea - anapolytic
Order Cyclophyllidea - apolytic
33
Difference of orders in vitellaria
Order Pseudophyllidea - diffused, not compact
Order Cyclophyllidea - compact and separate
34
Order Pseudophyllidea
Gravid Proglottid
- all reproductive organs still present
- rosette uterus
35
Order Cyclophyllidea
Gravid Proglottid
- degenerate reproductive organs
- only uterus and lateral branches seen
36
Difference of Orders
Uterine Pore
Order Pseudophyllidea - Present
Order Cyclophyllidea - Absent, eggs go out through genital pore
37
Difference of Orders
Ova
Order Pseudophyllidea - Oval, operculated, unembryonated
Order Cyclophyllidea - Spherical, non-operculated, embryonated
38
Order Pseudophyllidea
Larval Stages
- Coracidium
- Procercoid
- Plerocercoid
39
Order Cyclophyllidea
Larval Stages
- Cysticercus
- Cysticercoid
- Hydatid cyst
40
Order Pseudophyllidea
IH
1st IH : Copepods
2nd IH : Freshwater fish
41
Order Cyclophyllidea
IH
1 IH: lower forms of animals, arthropods, man
42
parasite that does not require an intermediate host
Hymenolepis nana
43
one of largest and longest tapeworms
Diphyllobothrium latum
44
Diphyllobothrium latum
Common name
Broad or Fish Tapeworm
45
Diphyllobothrium latum
FH
Man
46
Diphyllobothrium latum
Reservoir Host
Dogs, cats, other fish-eating mammals
47
Diphyllobothrium latum
Paratenic Host
Carnivorous Fish (can eat small fish with the larva)
48
Diphyllobothrium latum
Habitat
small intestine (ileum)
49
Diphyllobothrium latum
1st IH
Copepods (Cyclops and Diaptomus)
50
Diphyllobothrium latum
2nd IH
Freshwater fish (salmon, trout, pike, ruff, perch, etc.)
51
Diphyllobothrium latum
IS & DS
IS : Plerocercoid larva
DS : Egg
52
Diphyllobothrium latum
MOT
ingest raw, undercooked, or pickled freshwater fish with plerocercoid
53
Diphyllobothrium latum
Adult Worm (Uterus & Color)
- presence of rosette uterus
- whitish / milkish
54
Diphyllobothrium latum
Scolex
- spoon shaped/ almond shaped
- Bothriate (2)
- no rostellum and hooklets
55
Diphyllobothrium latum
Egg
- operculated and unembryonated
- has knob-like thickening
56
Diphyllobothrium latum
Proglottids
wider than long
57
Diphyllobothrium latum
Disease Manifestation (Larva)
Sparganosis
58
Diphyllobothrium latum
Disease Manifestation (Adult Worms)
- Bothriocephaus anemia
- intestinal obstruction
- diarrhea
- abdominal pain
59
Bothriocephalus anemia is mistaken as ______
pernicious anemia
60
large RBCs (macrocytes) on blood smears
Bothriocephalus anemia
61
Diphyllobothrium latum
Diagnosis
- Demonstration of Eggs (FECT, Kato-Katz DFS)
- Demonstration of Proglottids
62
Diphyllobothrium latum
DOC
Praziquantel, Niclosamide
63
Diphyllobothrium latum
type of parasite that produces around a million eggs
Prolific parasite
64
Taenia spp.
FH
Humans
65
Taenia spp.
Habitat
small intestine
66
Taenia solium
Common name
Pork tapeworm
67
Taenia solium
IH
Pigs, Humans (during Cysticercosis)
68
Taenia solium
IS
Cysticercus cellulosae
Eggs - during Cysticercosis
69
Cysticercus cellulosae is also known as
Bladder Worm
70
Taenia solium
MOT
Ingestion of measly pork or egg
71
Taenia solium
Adult worm (Scolex)
Globular with 4 cuplike suckers
Armed rostellum
Double row of 25-30 hooklets
72
Taenia solium
Mature Proglottid (Shape)
Wider than tall
73
Taenia solium
Mature Proglottid (Ovary)
Trilobed ovary
74
Taenia solium
Gravid Proglottid (Uterine branches)
5-13 lateral uterine branches (finger-like)
75
Taenia solium
Pathology
Larva : Cysticercosis
Adult : Taeniasis
76
Taenia saginata
Common name
Beef Tapeworm
77
Taenia saginata
IH
Cattle
78
Taenia saginata
IS
Cysticercus bovis (unarmed)
79
Taenia saginata
MOT
Ingestion of raw or undercooked beef
80
Taenia saginata
Adult worm
Whitish, opaque, cuboidal, no rostellum
Longer
81
Taenia saginata
Scolex
Pyriform/Quadrate, no rostellum, no hooks
82
Taenia saginata
Mature proglottid
broader than long; square shaped
83
Taenia saginata
Gravid Proglottid
narrower and longer
84
Taenia saginata
Gravid Proglottid (Uterine branches)
15-20 tree-like uterine branches
85
Taenia saginata
Pathology
Larva : none
Adult : Taeniasis
86
Taenia spp.
Eggs
- indistinguishable
- spherical brown and radially striated
- Oncosphere with 6 hooklets
87
Larva deposited to different to vital organs (skeletal muscle, brain)
Cysticercosis
88
Taenia solium
Diagnosis
Stool exam, fine-needle aspiration cytology, X-ray, Immunoblot Assay, ELISa, EITB, PCR, MRI, CT Scan
89
Taenia saginata
Diagnosis
Stool examination
90
Taenia spp.
Diagnosis used to determine number of proglottids
Double Slide Compression Technique
91
Taenia spp.
Treatment
Adult : Praziquantel and niclosamide
Cysticercosis : surgical removal/excisional biopsy + oral albendazole and corticosteroids
