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2ND YR 1S > PR CST > Flashcards

PR CST Flashcards

1
Q

smallest tapeworm of man and most common cestode infection

A

Hymenolepis nana

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2
Q

Hymenolepis spp.

Habitat

A

small intestine (upper portion of ileum)

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3
Q

Hymenolepis spp.

MOT

A
  • ingestion
  • H. nana : Autoinfection
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4
Q

Hymenolepis nana

FH

A

Humans

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5
Q

Hymenolepis nana

Common name

A

Dwarf tapeworm

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6
Q

Hymenolepis nana

IH

A
  • Ctenocephalides canis (Dog Flea)
  • Pulex irritans (Human Flea)
  • Xenopsylla cheopsis (Rat Flea)
  • Tenebrio (Rice Beetle)
  • Tribolium (Flour Beetle)
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7
Q

Hymenolepis nana

IS

A
  1. Indirect - Cysticercoid
  2. Direct - Embryonated Egg
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8
Q

Hymenolepis nana

Adult Worm (Scolex)

A
  • Subglobular or rhomboidal
  • Four suckers
  • Armed rostellum : 20-30 hooklets
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9
Q

Hymenolepis nana

Mature Proglottid (Testes and Ovary)

A

Testes - 3 ovoid
Ovary - 1 bilobed

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10
Q

Hymenolepis nana

Gravid Proglottid

A
  • Twice as wide as long
  • Sac-like uterus filled with eggs
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11
Q

Hymenolepis nana

Egg

A
  • Circular and thin-shelled
  • Oncosphere with hexacanth embryo
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12
Q

Hymenolepis nana

Egg (# of hooklets)

A

6 hooklets

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13
Q

Hymenolepis nana

Egg (polar thickenings and polar filaments)

A

Presence of polar thickenings and 4-8 polar filaments

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14
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

FH & AH

A

FH : Rat
AH : humans

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15
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Common name

A

Rat tapeworm

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16
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

IH

A

Variety of arthropods
- cockroach, rat flea, flour moths, flour beetles

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17
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

IS

A

Cysticercoid larva

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18
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Adult Worm (Scolex)

A
  • Knob shaped and unarmed rostellum
  • 4 suckers
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19
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Mature Proglottid (Testes and Ovary)

A
  • Wide but short
  • Testes : 3 ovoid
  • Ovary : 1
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19
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Gravid Proglottid

A

Very wide but short

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20
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Eggs

A
  • large, ovoid, yellowish
  • striated shell
  • six-hooked oncosphere
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21
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Eggs appearance

A

Fried egg appearance

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22
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Egg (polar thickenings and polar filaments)

A

Presence of polar thickenings, but no polar filaments

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23
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

Eggs (hooklets)

A

fan-like arrangement

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24
Hymenolepis spp. Pathology
Adult : epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea
25
Hymenolepis spp. Diagnosis
Stool exam
26
Hymenolepis spp. Treatment
Praziquantel
27
Dipylidium caninum Common name
Double Pored Tapeworm, Dog Tapeworm, Flea Tapeworm, Cucumber Tapeworm
28
Dipylidium caninum FH & AH
FH : dogs, cats AH : man
29
Dipylidium caninum Habitat
small intestine
30
Dipylidium caninum IH
- Ctenocephalides canis (dogs) - Ctenocephalides felis (cats)
31
Dipylidium caninum IS
cysticercoid larva
32
Dipylidium caninum MOT
ingestion
33
Dipylidium caninum Scolex
Globular, 4 suckers, armed and rosette-like w 1-7 circles of spine
33
Dipylidium caninum Mature Proglottid
- 2 genital pores on each side (left and right) - 2 sets of reproductive organs
34
Dipylidium caninum Egg
- enclosed in an egg capsule with 8-15 eggs per capsule - eggs : spherical and striated
35
Dipylidium caninum Gravid proglottid
- looks like a cucumber (size and shape of pumpkin seed); melon shaped - with 2 genital pores
36
Dipylidium caninum Pathology
- Asymptomatic - Heavy infections : abdominal pain, anal pruritus may occur
36
Dipylidium caninum Diagnosis
Recovery of ova/segment/scolex
37
Dipylidium caninum Treatment
Praziquantel
38
Raillietina garrisoni Common name
Common tapeworm of rats, Madagascar worm
39
Raillietina garrisoni FH & AH
FH : rats AH : man
40
Raillietina garrisoni Habitat
small intestine
41
Raillietina garrisoni IH
Tribolium confusum (beetle)
42
Raillietina garrisoni IS
Cysticercoid larva
43
Raillietina garrisoni MOT
ingestion
44
Raillietina garrisoni Scolex
Armed rostellum with alternating circular rows of 90-140 hooks
45
Raillietina garrisoni Shape of hooklets
Hammer-shaped hooklets
46
Raillietina garrisoni Gravid Proglottid
Rice grain appearance
46
Raillietina garrisoni Egg
- Enclosed in egg capsule (spindle-shaped appearance) - Enclosed in outer elongated membrane and inner spherical membrane
47
Raillietina garrisoni Disease
- Asymptomatic - Children usually affected - proglottids passed out
47
Raillietina garrisoni Diagnosis
Recover of egg/Scolex
47
Raillietina garrisoni Treatment
Praziquantel
48
Echinococcus granulosus Common name
Hydatid Tapeworm
49
Echinococcus granulosus FH
Canines (Dogs)
49
Echinococcus granulosus Habitat
small intestine
50
Echinococcus granulosus IH
sheep, goat, swine, cattle, horses, camel, humans (accidental)
50
Echinococcus granulosus IS
hydatid cyst
51
Echinococcus granulosus MOT
ingestion
51
Echinococcus granulosus Adult Worm (Scolex)
prominent rosette w/ double rows, 28-40 hooklets, 4 cuplike suckers
52
Echinococcus granulosus Proglottids
1 mature, 1 immature, 1 Gravid
52
Echinococcus granulosus Eggs
identical and indistinguishable from Taenia eggs
53
Echinococcus granulosus Different layers of Hydatid Cyst
1. Adventitial / Collagen layer 2. Laminated layer 3. Germinal layer
53
Echinococcus granulosus small version of the whole hydatid cyst
Daughter cyst
54
Echinococcus granulosus Hydatid cyst ruptures releases ____
hydatid fluid and hydatid sand
55
Echinococcus granulosus Pathology (Larva)
- Cysticercosis involving soft tissues - Cystic Hydatid Disease - Cystic Echinococcus
56
Echinococcus granulosus Diagnosis
- X-ray, serological test, MRI, ELISA - Bentonite Flocculation Test - Casoni Intradermal Test
57
Echinococcus granulosus Treatment
- Surgical Resection - Albendazole, Praziquantel - PAIR
58
Echinococcus granulosus What does PAIR mean?
P - Puncture A - Aspirate I - Inject R - Reaspirate
59
T/F H. nana is the only human tapeworm in which an immediate host is not necessary.
T

2ND YR 1S (16 decks)

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