PR TRM INTESTINAL & LUNG FLUKES Flashcards
(97 cards)
1
Q
Largest intestinal fluke
A
Fasciolopsis buski
2
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
Common name
A
Giant Intestinal Fluke
3
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
FH
A
Humans
4
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
Reservoir Hosts
A
pigs, dogs, rabbits
5
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
Habitat
A
Duodenum and jejunum (small intestine)
6
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
1st intermediate host
A
Snails
- Segmentina, Hippeutis, Gyraulus
7
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
2nd intermediate host
A
Water Plants
- Morning glory or kangkong
- Water caltrop
- Water chestnut
- Lotus
8
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
IS
A
metacercaria
9
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
MOT
A
ingestion of encysted metacercariae from aquatic plants
10
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
Adult worms
A
Elongated, oval
11
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
Suckers
A
Ventral sucker larger than oral sucker
12
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
T/F The adult worm has a cephalic cone
A
F
13
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
Intestinal ceca
A
simple and unbranched
14
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
Testes and ovary
A
Testes : dendritic and in tandem
Ovary : branched, lies to right of midline
15
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
Eggs, Operculum, Maturity
A
Hen’s egg appearance
Operculated
Embryonated
16
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
Indistinguishable from __
A
Fasciola
17
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
Disease Manifestation
A
- Intestinal Obstruction and Inflammation = bleeding
- Fasciolopsiasis
- Marked eosinophilia & malabsorption
18
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
Diagnosis
A
DFS, FECT, Kato-Katz
19
Q
Fasciolopsis buski
Treatment
A
Praziquantel
20
Q
Echinostoma ilocanum
Common name
A
Garrison’s Fluke
21
Q
Echinostoma ilocanum
Final host
A
humans
22
Q
Echinostoma ilocanum
Reservoir hosts
A
dogs, cats, rats, pigs
23
Q
Echinostoma ilocanum
Habitat
A
small intestine
24
Q
Echinostoma ilocanum
1st intermediate host
A
Snails
- Gyraulus convexiusculus
- Hippeutis umbilicalis
25
Echinostoma ilocanum
2nd intermediate host
Pila luzonica (kuhol) and Vivipara angularis (susong pampang)
26
Echinostoma ilocanum
MOT
ingestion of metacercariae encysted in snails
27
Echinostoma ilocanum
IS
metacercaria
28
Echinostoma ilocanum
Adult worms (color and appearance)
- Reddish gray, tapers at the posterior end (thinner)
- Elongated and spatulate
29
Echinostoma ilocanum
Suckers
Ventral sucker bigger than oral sucker
30
Echinostoma ilocanum
Unique characteristic of sucker
- Circumoral disk
- 49-51 collar spines
- aids in attachment
31
Echinostoma ilocanum
Testes
deeply bilobed and in tandem
32
Echinostoma ilocanum
Intestinal ceca
simple and unbranched
33
Echinostoma ilocanum
Eggs (Color, Shape)
- Straw colored or light brown, operculated, ovoid
- Germ ball egg
34
Echinostoma ilocanum
Operculum, Maturity
Operculated (not observable)
Unembryonated
35
Echinostoma ilocanum
Size comparison to Fasciola
Fasciolopsis bigger
36
Echinostoma ilocanum
Disease manifestation
- Echinostomiasis : inflammation at site of attachment
- Bloody Diarrhea
- Intoxication
37
Echinostoma ilocanum
Diagnosis
Stool examination
- FECT
- Kato-Katz
38
Echinostoma ilocanum
DOC
Praziquantel
39
smallest fluke
Heterophyes heterophyes
40
Heterophyes heterophyes
Common name
Von Siebold's Fluke
41
Heterophyes heterophyes
Final host
man, birds, various fish-eating mammals
42
Heterophyes heterophyes
MOT
ingestion of encysted metacercariae in fish
43
Heterophyes heterophyes
Habitat
small intestine
44
Heterophyes heterophyes
1st intermediate host
Snails
- Prionella conica
45
Heterophyes heterophyes
2nd intermediate host
Brackish and Saltwater Fishes
- Cyrprinidae
Mullet
- Mugil cephalus
46
Heterophyes heterophyes
IS
metacercaria
47
Heterophyes heterophyes
Adult worms (shape, tegument)
- Elongated, oval, or pyriform (pear-shaped)
- Tegument : Fine scale spines
48
Heterophyes heterophyes
Suckers
1. Ventral sucker
2. Oral sucker
3. Genital sucker (gonotyl)
49
Heterophyes heterophyes
Testes and ovary
Testes : varied
Ovary : globular or lobed
50
Heterophyes heterophyes
Tegument
fine scale like spines
51
Heterophyes heterophyes
Eggs
Light brown color, ovoid, operculated, small
52
Heterophyes heterophyes
Operculum, Maturity
Operculated, Embryonated
53
Heterophyes heterophyes
Abopercular protuberance
No abopercular protruberance
54
Heterophyes heterophyes
Disease Manifestation
- local inflammation at site of attachment
- peptic ulcer diseases and acid peptide disease
- burrow deep into the intestinal wall
55
Heterophyes heterophyes
Diagnosis
- Egg : FECT, Kato-Katz
- Adults : Autopsy, Cardiac heterophydiasis
56
Heterophyes heterophyes
DOC
Praziquantel
57
Heterophyes heterophyes
Reservoir hosts
dogs, cats, birds
58
Paragonimus westermani
Common name
Oriental Lung Fluke
59
Paragonimus westermani
Habitat
lungs (encysted in lung tissue)
60
Paragonimus westermani
Paratenic host
boars (harbor larval stage)
61
Paragonimus westermani
Reservoir hosts
dogs, cats, field rats
62
Paragonimus westermani
1st intermediate host
Snails
- Brotia asperata
- Antemelania asperata
- Antemelania dactylus
63
Paragonimus westermani
2nd intermediate host
Freshwater crab / Talangka
- Sundathelphusa philippina
- Parathelphusa grapsoides
Crayfish
64
Paragonimus westermani
IS
metacercaria
65
Paragonimus westermani
MOT
ingestion of uncooked or undercooked crabs with metacercaria
66
Paragonimus westermani
part of parasite covered with spines, has an ellipsoidal body, and a small tail
Cercaria
67
Paragonimus westermani
play an important role in development of young parasites
Cysteine proteases
68
Paragonimus westermani
Adult worms (shape)
coffee bean shaped / spoon shaped
69
Paragonimus westermani
Adult worms (color)
Reddish brown
70
Paragonimus westermani
Adult worms (shape)
Rounded anteriorly and slightly tapered posteriorly
71
Paragonimus westermani
Fibrotic capsules
Found in pairs or threes undergo reproduction
72
Paragonimus westermani
small hole/covering where the egg will be released
Capsule
73
Paragonimus westermani
T/F It has presence of spines on tegument
T
74
Paragonimus westermani
Intestinal ceca
wavy
75
Paragonimus westermani
Testes
lobed, arranged in opposite (one side)
76
Paragonimus westermani
Ovary
anterior to testes and posterior to ventral sucker, has six long unbranched lobes
77
Paragonimus westermani
Eggs
- Golden brown, operculated, big and large
- Ridge : opercular shoulder
78
Paragonimus westermani
Operculum
- Presence of abopercular thickening
79
Paragonimus westermani
Eggs (embryonated/unembryonated)
Unembryonated
80
Paragonimus westermani
Disease Manifestation
- Lung Fluke Disease/Paragonimiasis
- Erratic Pragonimiasis
- mimic signs and symptoms of TB, chronic bronchitis, and bronchial asthma
81
Paragonimus westermani
Adult worms provoke
granulomatous reaction
82
Paragonimus westermani
Preferred sample
sputum
83
Paragonimus westermani
Diagnosis
- Stool Exam : FECT, Kato-Katz
- X-ray (nonspecific)
- Complement fixation
- Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) test
- Lung biopsy
84
Paragonimus westermani
DOC
Praziquantel
85
Similar to E. ilocanum
Artyfechinostomum malayanum
86
Artyfechinostomum malayanum
Collar spines
43-45 collar spines
87
Artyfechinostomum malayanum
Testes
2 large testes (6-9 lobes in tandem)
88
Artyfechinostomum malayanum
Eggs
larger, golden brown, operculated
89
Artyfechinostomum malayanum
90
Artyfechinostomum malayanum
2nd intermediate host
Lymnaea cumingiana (birabid)
91
Gastrodiscoides hominis
FH and RH
Final host: man
Reservoir host: pigs
92
Gastrodiscoides hominis
Habitat
colon
93
Gastrodiscoides hominis
1st intermediate host
Helicorbis coenosus
94
Gastrodiscoides hominis
2nd intermediate host
water plants
95
Gastrodiscoides hominis
Adult worm
- Pink / bright pink in appearance
- Conical anterior portion
- Prominent and notched ventral sucker
96
Gastrodiscoides hominis
Eggs
operculated, immature, greenish brownish
97
Gastrodiscoides hominis
Disease
Light infections : asymptomatic
Heavy infections : mucus diarrhea
