PRELIM 02 - Sugars and Sugar-Containing Drugs

Question 1

Also known as saccharum or sugar; used in making syrups, demulcent, and nutrient (Examples of sugars)

Answer 1

Sucrose

Question 2

Sucrose is also known as __________ or __________ (SS)

Answer 2

Saccharum, Sugar

Question 3

Sucrose is obtained from __________, __________, ____________ (SBA)

Answer 3

Saccharum officinarum L., Beta vulgaris L., Acer saccharum

Question 4

Family of Saccharum officinarum

Answer 4

Graminaceae

Question 5

Family of Beta vulgaris

Answer 5

Chenopodiaceae

Question 6

Saccharum officinarum is also known as __________

Answer 6

Sugar cane

Question 7

Beta vulgaris is also known as __________

Answer 7

Sugar beet

Question 8

Family of Acer saccharum

Answer 8

Aceraceae

Question 9

Beets that are sliced into small, limp slivers

Answer 9

Cossettes

Question 10

Residual dark colored syrup made after complete crystallization of sucrose

Answer 10

Molasses

Question 11

Also known as grape sugar; obtained by the enzymatic hydrolysis of starch (Examples of sugars)

Answer 11

Dextrose

Question 12

Dextrose is also known as __________ or __________ (GD)

Answer 12

Grape sugar, D-glucose

Question 13

A crystalline dextrose monohydrate that has undergone a less rigorous purification (Examples of sugars)

Answer 13

Dextrose excipient

Question 14

A purified mixture of saccharides that contains not less than 95% dextrose

Answer 14

Dextrates

Question 15

Dextrates contain not less than __________% dextrose

Answer 15

95%

Question 16

Made from the incomplete hydrolysis of starch; is a colorless or yellowish, thick, syrupy, liquid (Examples of sugars)

Answer 16

Liquid glucose

Question 17

In making liquid glucose, the washed starch is mixed with diluted HCl and reacted for __________ minutes at __________ lbs pressure

Answer 17

22 minutes, 30 lbs pressure

Question 18

The calcium salt of gluconic acid; used as an electrolyte replenisher (Examples of sugars)

Answer 18

Calcium gluconate

Question 19

The ferrous salt of gluconic acid; used as a hematinic (Examples of sugars)

Answer 19

Ferrous gluconate

Question 20

Prophylactic dose of ferrous gluconate

Answer 20

325 mg/day

Question 21

Therapeutic dose of ferrous gluconate

Answer 21

325 mg 4x a day

Question 22

Used as a food for diabetics, infant feeding formulas, and electrolyte; a ketone sugar that occurs in most sweet fruits and in honey (Examples of sugars)

Answer 22

Fructose

Question 23

Fructose is also known as __________ or __________ (LF)

Answer 23

Levulose, Fruit sugar

Question 24

Also known as milk sugar; is used as a tablet diluent, a nutrient, in infant’s food, and establishing intestinal microflora (Examples of sugars)

Answer 24

Lactose

Question 25

Lactose is also known as __________

Answer 25

Milk sugar

Question 26

Lactose is present in the milk of __________ (Fam: Bovidae)

Answer 26

Bos taurus

Question 27

Family of Bos taurus

Answer 27

Bovidae

Question 28

Upon hydrolysis, lactose yields __________ and __________ (DD)

Answer 28

D-glucose, D-galactose

Question 29

Lactose is hydrolyzed by the enzyme __________

Answer 29

Lactase

Question 30

__________ ‭→ stand ‭→ butter (Types of milk)

Answer 30

Whole milk

Question 31

__________ → churn → cream (Types of milk)

Answer 31

Buttermilk

Question 32

__________ → rennin → coagulation (Types of milk)

Answer 32

Skimmed milk

Question 33

__________ is the liquid separated from coagulum (Types of milk)

Answer 33

Whey

Question 34

__________ is prepared by the partial evaporation of milk in a vacuum (Types of milk)

Answer 34

Condensed milk

Question 35

A semi-synthetic sugar prepared by the alkaline rearrangement of lactose; used for chronic constipation and to decreased blood-ammonia concentration (Examples of sugars)

Answer 35

Lactulose

Question 36

Lactose yields __________ and __________ upon hydrolysis (FG)

Answer 36

Fructose, Galactose

Question 37

Dose for lactulose used to treat chronic constipation

Answer 37

10-20 g/day

Question 38

Used as a diagnostic agent to evaluate intestinal absorption; a pentose obtained by boiling corn cobs (Examples of sugars)

Answer 38

Xylose

Question 39

Xylose is also known as __________ or __________ (WD)

Answer 39

Wood sugar, D-xylose

Question 40

Celiac disease, Crohn's disease, Pellagra, Radiation enteritis, and surgical resection are diseases that result to the presence of xylose in __________

Answer 40

Urine