Prenatal care and fetal development Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Prenatal care and fetal development Deck (15)
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1
Q

What child outcomes do you see from iron deficiency?

A

-delayed brain maturation, sleep px, poorer cognitive, motor and social/emotional development

2
Q

What do you see with child development when the mother was malnourished?

A

effects on cognition, lower individual variablility in temperament like behaviors; possible lower child responsiveness to mother; low birth wt

3
Q

What role does poly-unsaturated fatty acids have with child development?

A

play a role in brain development and functioning through their involvement in neuronal survival and plasticity

4
Q

What role does folic acid play in child development?

A

a deficiency is known to cause neural tube defects sucha s anencephaly, absence of cranial vault and spina bifida
-folic acid is involved in both neurogenesis and myelination

5
Q

How does zinc help with development?

A
  • involved in gene transcription, activity of enzymes, synthesis of serotonin and melatonin
  • deficiencies may cause abnormal brain development by altering protein synthesis association with learning and attention
6
Q

What role does iron have on brain development?

A

essential for lipid metabolism in developing brain, involved in myelination
-deficiencies can result in lower IQ of child, impairment with learning and memory tasks

7
Q

What drugs are neurotoxic that you need to worry about with the pregnant mother?

A
  • valproic acid can cause neural tube defects
  • sniffing of substances (toluol/chlorinated hydrocarbons) will have px similar to alcohol syndrome (MR; behavioral px; px with HPA axis causing increased cortisol)
  • nicotine results in altered brain cell growth; reduced birth wt and growth; increased risk of SIDS
  • cocaine: reduced growth of brain, premature baby, neural tube px; increased risk of SIDS, language delays
  • marijuana: has affects of amygdala, emotional regulation systems
  • heroin: preterm birth, low birth wt, small head, increased risk for SIDS
8
Q

What sx do you expect of a child born exposed to nicotine?

A

hyperactivity, conduct d/o in boys
learning and language and reading px
increased rates of ADHD
lower IQ, poorer impulse control, impaired visuo-perceptual performance in adolescnets
increased rate of substance abuse and smoking

9
Q

what behavioral px does prenatal exposure to sniffing substances/ toluol cause?

A

-ADHD, CNS px; fetal solvent syndrome

10
Q

what behavioral px does prenatal exposure to marijuana cause?

A
  • infants: tremors, sleep px, increased startle response
  • increased hyperactivity, impulsivity, inattention
  • increased externalizing px
  • impaired executive fx, planning, px solving, anaylyzing, modificaiton of behavior response to feedback
11
Q

what behavioral px does prenatal exposure to heroin cause?

A

hyperacitivty; brief attention span; temper outbursts

12
Q

maternal stress and development

A

-increased cortisol levels affect later fx of infants HPA axis; smaller head, preterm birth; increased risks for psych d/o

13
Q

preterm birth outcomes on development

A
  • cognitive px/lower intellegence; higher rates of CP

- learning disabilities; language impairment; px in vidual-motor integration and motor cordination; ADHD, CP,

14
Q

what results in early foster care or removal from primary care giver

A
  • prolonged separation is associated with poorer school performances and sx of psychological distress
  • removal from family into foster care befroe age 6 can cause feelings of hopelessness, negative expectations w/ relationships w/ others; not seeking interpersonal connectedness
15
Q

What happens through the life stages of a child of divorce?

A
  • preschoolers; fear being left alone, abondoned, forgotten; seek familiar toys; may be angry and uncoorperative; cranky; periods of crying
  • early childhood: feelings of loos, rejection, guilt and conflict over loyalty
  • school aged child: grief, embarrassment, resentment, intense anger, divided loyalty; blame selves; saddnes, loss, loneliness; feel less protected and cared for; difficulty concentrating and decline in school; internalize and externaliz psych sx
  • adolescents: anger, fear, grief, loneliness, powerlessness, guilt, anxiety, depression; disruptive and aggressive; substance use; teen pregnancies; poor academic acheivement; may feel they need to take control over family; doubt ability to get married or stay married
  • young adults: poor relationships; emtional distress and behavioral px; likely to recieved help before; likely to dropp out of school
  • adults: greater social isolation; poor subjective well-being; lower level of academic achievement; less satisfaction w/ life and sex life; risk of divorce and premature mortality