pt 14 (avian medicine)

Question 1

psittacines

Answer 1

parrots
cockatoos
cockatiels
parakeet

Question 2

passerines

Answer 2

finches
canaries

Question 3

lifespan of parrots

Answer 3

75+ years

Question 4

lifespan of cockatiels

Answer 4

10-15 years

Question 5

how to sex canaries

Answer 5

males sing and females peep

Question 6

how to sex budgies

Answer 6

color of cere

Question 7

other ways to sex a bird

Answer 7

egg laying
DNA
laparoscopy

Question 8

minimum cage size for a passerine

Answer 8

large enough to permit flying between perches

twice the wingspan or tail length (whichever is longer)

Question 9

what other items need to be in the cage

Answer 9

bathtub - water dish
perches

Question 10

what environmental temp is best for most birds

Answer 10

same temp as we tolerate

Question 11

methods of ID for birds

Answer 11

leg band
wing band
wing clip
tattoo

Question 12

clean water dish

Answer 12

everyday

Question 13

recommended diet for pet birds

Answer 13

balanced diet
grain 50%
vegetables 45%
fruit, nuts, dairy 5%

Question 14

what vitamin is commonly deficient in pet birds diet; 3 foods high in this vitamin

Answer 14

A, D3; celery tops, parsley, spinach, apple

Question 15

can some species be fed only seed

Answer 15

no

Question 16

1 disadvantage of feeding pelleted diets

Answer 16

may not be immediately accepted

Question 17

theory and controversy about adding grit to diet

Answer 17

excess can cause impaction and other GI issues

Question 18

cuttlebone

Answer 18

calcium source

Question 19

feather picking

Answer 19

ectoparasites, social isolation, stress

radio, companion, e-collar

Question 20

how does abscess on bird differ from mammal

Answer 20

cheese-like and surgically debride

Question 21

bumble foot

Answer 21

by dirty perches and abrasion of the foot

drain, ointment, bandage

clean perches to prevent

Question 22

cnemidocoptes pilae

Answer 22

scaly face-leg mite

crusty, powdery, lesions on cere eyelids legs and feet

skin scraping diagnosis

oral or injectable ivermectin to treat

Question 23

another name for budgerigar

Answer 23

parakeet

Question 24

where do you find the uropygial gland

Answer 24

preen gland infection; paired and has small feathers which act as a wick

Question 25

do all birds require regular beak trims

Answer 25

no; for infection, trauma, congenital malformation

Question 26

how to trim beak and know how much to trim off

Answer 26

dermal or nail trimmers and then file; different lengths for each species

Question 27

tumors are common in which bird

Answer 27

parakeet

Question 28

normal droppings per day

Answer 28

35-50

Question 29

color of normal droppings

Answer 29

green, white, and liquid

Question 30

droppings if the bird has acute enteritis

Answer 30

green

Question 31

treatment for enteritis

Answer 31

oral antibiotics, soft diet, heat, vitamins, kaopectate

Question 32

what problems may occur secondary to enteritis

Answer 32

prolapse of cloaca

Question 33

physiologic emesis

Answer 33

spit seeds and mucous at objects during mating seasons usually remove objects and change environment

Question 34

crop impactions

Answer 34

swelling at base of neck overfeeding or engorging on grit mineral oil with garage needle

Question 35

PDD

Answer 35

virus weight loss, regurgitation, undigested food droppings no treatment

Question 36

if one bird dies from PDD should the others be euthanized?

Answer 36

no; just cut off contact from other birds

Question 37

what fecal tests should be run for parasite exam in a wildlife rehab facility

Answer 37

direct smear for protozoa, floatation, and stain for cryptosporidium

Question 38

droppings if bird has PU PD

Answer 38

no white in droppings

Question 39

how is weight/anorexia evaluated; characteristics of underweight birds

Answer 39

evaluate by palpating crop; empty crop; feathers can camouflage weight loss or gain so can't just look through bars

Question 40

gout

Answer 40

unknown cause; finding white crystalline material near joints or under the skin. Microscopically looks like needles

Question 41

zoonotic disease of birds

Answer 41

Psittacosis - Ornithosis

Question 42

signs of respiratory disease

Answer 42

depressed and listless, eyes closed, ruffled feathers, mouth breathing, tail bobbing

Question 43

imported birds must be treated with what before entering the US to prevent them from transmitting what disease?

Answer 43

chlortetracycline

Question 44

ovarian dysfunction

Answer 44

Nest building, emesis of "crop milk" and egg laying - continuation of egg laying

Question 45

egg binding

Answer 45

(soft or misshapen egg) Most seen in smaller birds - passerines; Bird sits on the cage bottom with legs spread; palpable swelling; and respiratory distress

Question 46

how soon does the owner of an egg bound bird need to be seen by a vet

Answer 46

can die within a couple of hours in not treated

Question 47

what factors contribute to the development of egg binding

Answer 47

Calcium/vit D deficiency, trauma, obesity, lack of nesting site

Question 48

how are fractures treated

Answer 48

- Tape wing to the body for 2-3 weeks. - Fractured leg small birds: taped - Larger birds, intra-medullary pins may be used

Question 49

what should you do to a bird with respiratory distress until the vet can see it

Answer 49

oxygen cage, warmth, dim light, give space

Question 50

feathers of a healthy bird vs sick

Answer 50

nicely preened and sleek feathers close to the body vs. ruffled and puffed up feathers

Question 51

posture of normal bird

Answer 51

erect position on perch, weight evenly distributed, wing tips crossed over the back, tail feathers in a straight line in the back

Question 52

why should you be careful not to get the ointment you are putting on a birds leg on its feathers

Answer 52

it will spread and destroy the insulative properties of feathers

Question 53

tail bobbing could indicate what problem

Answer 53

respiratory disease

Question 54

is it important to get a sick bird to eat?

Answer 54

it is important to monitor how much and what is being eaten; they can starve quickly and eating can help build strength to fight illness

Question 55

5 signs of illness in a bird

Answer 55

unkept feathers, drooping posture/unsteadiness, decreased activity level, beak overgrowth, tail bobbing, not eating

Question 56

5 things you should look for while examining bird in its cage

Answer 56

balance feathers lameness