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vtt 214 - lab animal > pt 14 (avian medicine) > Flashcards

pt 14 (avian medicine) Flashcards

1
Q

psittacines

A

parrots
cockatoos
cockatiels
parakeet

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2
Q

passerines

A

finches
canaries

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3
Q

lifespan of parrots

A

75+ years

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4
Q

lifespan of cockatiels

A

10-15 years

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5
Q

how to sex canaries

A

males sing and females peep

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6
Q

how to sex budgies

A

color of cere

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7
Q

other ways to sex a bird

A

egg laying
DNA
laparoscopy

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8
Q

minimum cage size for a passerine

A

large enough to permit flying between perches

twice the wingspan or tail length (whichever is longer)

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9
Q

what other items need to be in the cage

A

bathtub - water dish
perches

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10
Q

what environmental temp is best for most birds

A

same temp as we tolerate

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11
Q

methods of ID for birds

A

leg band
wing band
wing clip
tattoo

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12
Q

clean water dish

A

everyday

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13
Q

recommended diet for pet birds

A

balanced diet
grain 50%
vegetables 45%
fruit, nuts, dairy 5%

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14
Q

what vitamin is commonly deficient in pet birds diet; 3 foods high in this vitamin

A

A, D3; celery tops, parsley, spinach, apple

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15
Q

can some species be fed only seed

A

no

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16
Q

1 disadvantage of feeding pelleted diets

A

may not be immediately accepted

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17
Q

theory and controversy about adding grit to diet

A

excess can cause impaction and other GI issues

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18
Q

cuttlebone

A

calcium source

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19
Q

feather picking

A

ectoparasites, social isolation, stress

radio, companion, e-collar

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20
Q

how does abscess on bird differ from mammal

A

cheese-like and surgically debride

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21
Q

bumble foot

A

by dirty perches and abrasion of the foot

drain, ointment, bandage

clean perches to prevent

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22
Q

cnemidocoptes pilae

A

scaly face-leg mite

crusty, powdery, lesions on cere eyelids legs and feet

skin scraping diagnosis

oral or injectable ivermectin to treat

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23
Q

another name for budgerigar

A

parakeet

24
Q

where do you find the uropygial gland

A

preen gland infection; paired and has small feathers which act as a wick

25
Q

do all birds require regular beak trims

A

no; for infection, trauma, congenital malformation

26
Q

how to trim beak and know how much to trim off

A

dermal or nail trimmers and then file; different lengths for each species

27
Q

tumors are common in which bird

A

parakeet

28
Q

normal droppings per day

A

35-50

29
Q

color of normal droppings

A

green, white, and liquid

30
Q

droppings if the bird has acute enteritis

A

green

31
Q

treatment for enteritis

A

oral antibiotics, soft diet, heat, vitamins, kaopectate

32
Q

what problems may occur secondary to enteritis

A

prolapse of cloaca

33
Q

physiologic emesis

A

spit seeds and mucous at objects during mating seasons usually

remove objects and change environment

34
Q

crop impactions

A

swelling at base of neck

overfeeding or engorging on grit

mineral oil with garage needle

35
Q

PDD

A

virus

weight loss, regurgitation, undigested food droppings

no treatment

36
Q

if one bird dies from PDD should the others be euthanized?

A

no; just cut off contact from other birds

37
Q

what fecal tests should be run for parasite exam in a wildlife rehab facility

A

direct smear for protozoa, floatation, and stain for cryptosporidium

38
Q

droppings if bird has PU PD

A

no white in droppings

39
Q

how is weight/anorexia evaluated; characteristics of underweight birds

A

evaluate by palpating crop; empty crop; feathers can camouflage weight loss or gain so can’t just look through bars

40
Q

gout

A

unknown cause; finding white crystalline material near joints or under the skin. Microscopically looks like needles

41
Q

zoonotic disease of birds

A

Psittacosis - Ornithosis

42
Q

signs of respiratory disease

A

depressed and listless, eyes closed, ruffled feathers, mouth breathing, tail bobbing

43
Q

imported birds must be treated with what before entering the US to prevent them from transmitting what disease?

A

chlortetracycline

44
Q

ovarian dysfunction

A

Nest building, emesis of “crop milk” and egg laying - continuation of egg laying

45
Q

egg binding

A

(soft or misshapen egg) Most seen in smaller birds - passerines; Bird sits on the cage bottom with legs spread; palpable swelling; and respiratory distress

46
Q

how soon does the owner of an egg bound bird need to be seen by a vet

A

can die within a couple of hours in not treated

47
Q

what factors contribute to the development of egg binding

A

Calcium/vit D deficiency, trauma, obesity, lack of nesting site

48
Q

how are fractures treated

A
  • Tape wing to the body for 2-3 weeks.
  • Fractured leg small birds: taped
  • Larger birds, intra-medullary pins may be used
49
Q

what should you do to a bird with respiratory distress until the vet can see it

A

oxygen cage, warmth, dim light, give space

50
Q

feathers of a healthy bird vs sick

A

nicely preened and sleek feathers close to the body vs. ruffled and puffed up feathers

51
Q

posture of normal bird

A

erect position on perch, weight evenly distributed, wing tips crossed over the back, tail feathers in a straight line in the back

52
Q

why should you be careful not to get the ointment you are putting on a birds leg on its feathers

A

it will spread and destroy the insulative properties of feathers

53
Q

tail bobbing could indicate what problem

A

respiratory disease

54
Q

is it important to get a sick bird to eat?

A

it is important to monitor how much and what is being eaten; they can starve quickly and eating can help build strength to fight illness

55
Q

5 signs of illness in a bird

A

unkept feathers, drooping posture/unsteadiness, decreased activity level, beak overgrowth, tail bobbing, not eating

56
Q

5 things you should look for while examining bird in its cage

A

balance
feathers
lameness

vtt 214 - lab animal (33 decks)

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