pt 8 (general concepts in breeding lab animals)

Question 1

what are some things that influence when an animal will reach breeding age and the sizes of litters?

Answer 1

species, nutrition, genetic makeup, weight

Question 2

in lab animals, is body maturity before or after puberty?

Answer 2

before

Question 3

list 5 stages of the estrus cycle in correct order

Answer 3

proestrus
estrus
metestrus
diestrus
anestrus

Question 4

what is the difference between anestrus and diestrus?

Answer 4

diestrus: High progesterone, Coincides with pregnancy; If not pregnant, diestrus ends with the regression of the corpus luteum

anestrus: no cycling occurs. Immature or old animals. Lee-Boot in mice. Animals that breed 1-2 times a year or seasonally.

Question 5

depending upon species and other factors, a female may go from diestrus to anestrus or diestrus to interestrus (describe cycles)

Answer 5

monoestrous vs polyestrous

Question 6

a female canine is in anestrus, how old is she?

Answer 6

can be immature or older

Question 7

example of a species that is seasonally polyestrus and what that means

Answer 7

mice and rats- multiple cycles a breeding season usually controlled by daylight hours (also sheep, goat, deer, cats, horses)

Question 8

what test can you do to determine if almost any species of the female lab animal has been bred?

Answer 8

vaginal swab to look for presence of sperm

Question 9

when introducing two animals for mating, does it matter if you use the male’s cage or the female’s?

Answer 9

always take female to males cage

Question 10

colony

Answer 10

all animal population maintained under some degree of control for the purpose of reproduction

Question 11

closed colony

Answer 11

a colony that is maintained without the introduction of animals from other sources

Question 12

strain

Answer 12

a group of animals of known ancestry maintained by a deliberate mating system; generally with some distinguishing characteristics

Question 13

inbred strain

Answer 13

mating brother and sister for 20 or more consecutive generations; also parent and offspring

Question 14

phenotype

Answer 14

physical, biochemical and physiological makeup of an individual

Question 15

meiosis

Answer 15

a method of cell devision occurring in sex cells where each cell receives half the number of chromosomes

Question 16

mitosis

Answer 16

cell division occurring in somatic cells where each cell receives a full complement of chromosomes

Question 17

pheromone

Answer 17

a substance secreted in urine, sweat, or glandular secretions and perceived by another individual of the same species releasing specific reaction on behavior

Question 18

what would the numbers “1.2.6 Calotes lizards” on a cage card mean?

Answer 18

1 male, 2 females, 6 unknown sex

Question 19

example of precocious species and altricious species

Answer 19

guinea pig (unusual early development needing little care); mouse