pt 18 (nutrition)

Question 1

potable

Answer 1

clean and fresh water suitable for drinking

Question 2

what is the difference between an essential and a nonessential amino acid

Answer 2

non-essential amino acids can be synthesized by the body

Question 3

can you name the 10 amino acids essential in all mammals?

Answer 3

methionine
arginine
tryptophan
threonine
histidine
isoleucine
leucine
lysine
valine
phenylalanine

Question 4

what amino acid is essential to cats

Answer 4

taurine

Question 5

what are the symptoms of deficiency of this amino acid

Answer 5

retinal degeneration, cardiomyopathy, altered white-cell function, and abnormal growth and development

Question 6

what can cause this deficiency to occur

Answer 6

unable to absorb all the taurine in processed diets and/or are unable to synthesize the deficit between absorption and requirement

Question 7

how many cal/gm do fats have

Answer 7

9 kcal/gm

Question 8

how many cal/gm do carbs have

Answer 8

4 kcal/gm

Question 9

how many cal/gm do proteins have

Answer 9

4 kcal/gm

Question 10

what is the primary function of carbs and fats

Answer 10

supply energy and serve as concentrated energy source

Question 11

what are two kinds of carbs

Answer 11

simple sugars
fibers

Question 12

why is fiber important in the diet? which species naturally consume a very high fiber diet

Answer 12

complex carbs are too slow and difficult to digest - retains moisture in fecal mass as it passes through large intestine; grass eaters (rabbits and GP)

Question 13

are B vitamins water soluble

Answer 13

yes

Question 14

what are 3 functions of B vitamins in the body

Answer 14

energy metabolism
nervous system function
blood formation

Question 15

what vitamins can result in toxicity if over-supplemented

Answer 15

fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K)

Question 16

what is the letter/number name of riboflavin

Answer 16

B2

Question 17

what is the letter/number name of folic acid

Answer 17

B

Question 18

what is the letter/number name of alphatocopherol

Answer 18

E

Question 19

what is the letter/number name of thiamine

Answer 19

B1

Question 20

what is the letter/number name of niacin

Answer 20

B

Question 21

what is the letter/number name of pyridoxine

Answer 21

B6

Question 22

what is the letter/number name of cyanocobalamin

Answer 22

B12

Question 23

list 4 fat soluble vitamins

Answer 23

A
E
D
K

Question 24

what is vitamin A used for in the body

Answer 24

eyesight and skin

Question 25

vitamin K is needed for

Answer 25

normal blood clotting

Question 26

vitamin E is an antioxidant - what does it do

Question 27

what is another name for ascorbic acid? is it water or fat soluble

Answer 27

vitamin C; water

Question 28

4 minerals required in the diet and for each one describe one use or function in the body

Answer 28

calcium phosphorus magnesium iron zinc potassium copper manganese cobalt sodium chloride iodine

Question 29

what ingredient in packaged guinea pig and primate diets may be lost if the food is too old

Question 30

palatability

Answer 30

taste appeal

Question 31

gross energy

Answer 31

amount of heat produced by complete burning

Question 32

ad libitum

Answer 32

free choice

Question 33

purified diet vs certified diet

Answer 33

made of pure nutrient compounds vs. a sample tested for maximum levels of contaminant

Question 34

irradiated diet vs autoclavable diet

Answer 34

used in barrier systems and doesn't need to be autoclaved vs all components are heat tolerable and it doesn't turn into solid mass when autoclaved

Question 35

open formula diet vs closed formula diet

Answer 35

any ingredient acceptable vs. certain ingredients must be used in formula

Question 36

how long can dog/cat diet be used after milling date

Answer 36

1 year

Question 37

how long can rodent/rabbit diet be used after milling date

Answer 37

5 months

Question 38

how long can GP/primate diet be used after milling date

Answer 38

3 months

Question 39

what could happen if you wait too long after milling date

Answer 39

contaminants = illness

Question 40

where should unopened bags of food be stored? can they be stacked on the floor?

Answer 40

separate room from animals; no, bugs can get into food

Question 41

how should open bags of food be stored

Answer 41

in vermin proof containers

Question 42

what is the function of vitamin D

Answer 42

calcium absorption, transportation, deposition