Purges 1917-41 Flashcards
(51 cards)
What did Lenin create in 1917
The Cheka
What method became the rule in the red terror
Execution became the rule
How many died in the Red Terror officially and predicted
Officially - 13,000
Predicted - 300,000
Why was there increased repression in the red terror
Workers wanted elections, free press, the restoration of the Constituent Assembly and the overthrow of the Sovnarkom.
1918-21 - What were some left wing SRs protesting about
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Who did the left wing SRs capture in May 1918
The head of the Cheka
Who did the left wing SRs shoot in July 1918
Shot German Ambassador
Who did the left wing SRs attempt to assassinate in August 1918
Lenin
Which parties gained popularity
SRs and Mensheviks - calls for a multi party democracy
What did the Cheka fan the flames of
Class warfare
What was the main goal of the terror
Frighten all social groups into cooperation with the regime
What percentage of the population of Moscow’s prisons were children in 1920
5%
When did Lenin abandon the Cheka
February 1922
What was the Cheka replaced with
The GPU
What were peasants resisting collectivisation labelled as
Kulaks
Who did terror motivate
Managers and workers
How did peasants resist collectivisation
Killed livestock and less grain was harvested
Which show trial took place in 1928
Shakhty show trial
How many were involved in the Shakhty show trial
53 engineers accused of ‘counter revolutionary activity’ due to drop in production
What was the result of the Shakhty show trial
5 executed
44 imprisoned
Which show trial took place in 1930
‘Industry Party’ Trial
What happened at the ‘Industry Party’ Trial
Alleged that a well organised group with members in top industrial and planning posts were sabotaging the first 5 year plan
Which show trial took place in 1931
Menshevik Trial
By 1934 how many prisoners were in gulags
Over one million
