Quiz 1 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Behavior throughout life is motivate by inner, unconscious forces, stemming from childhood, over which we have little control.
Psychodynamic key ideas
Emphasis on how changes or growth in the ways people know, understand, and think about the world affect behavior
Cognitive key ideas
Development can be understood through studying observable behavior and environmental stimuli
Behavioral Key Ideas
Behavior is chosen through free will and motivated by our natural capacity to strive to reach our full potential
Humanistic Key Ideas
Development should be view in terms of the interrelationship of a person’s physical, cognitive, personality, and social worlds
Contextual Key Ideas
Behavior is the result of genetic inheritance from our ancestors; traits and behavior that are adaptive for promoting survival of our species have been inherited through natural selection.
Evolutionary Key Ideas
Sigmund Freud, and Erik Erikson
Major Proponents of Psychodynamic Perspective
Jean Piaget
Major Proponents of Cognitive Perspective
John B. Watson, B.F. Skinner, Albert Bandura
Major Proponents of Behavioral Perspective
Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow
Major Proponents of Humanistic Perspective
Urie Bronfenbrenner, Lev Vygotsky
Major Proponents of Contextual Perspective
Influenced by early work of Charles Darwin, Konrad Lorenz
Major Proponents of Evolutionary Perspective
This view might suggest that a young adult who is overweight has a fixation in the oral stage of development
Psychodynamic ex.
This view might suggest that a young adult who is overweight hasn’t learned effective ways to stay at a healthy weight and doesn’t value good nutrition
Cognitive ex.
In this perspective, a young adult who is overweight might be seen as not being rewarded for good nutritional and exercise habits.
Behavioral Ex.
In this view, a young adult who is overweight may eventually choose to seek an optimal weight as part of an overall pattern of individual growth
Humanistic ex.
In this perspective, being overweight is caused by a number of interrelated factors in that person’s physical, cognitive, personality, and social worlds
Contextual ex.
This view might suggest that a young adult might have a genetic tendency toward obesity because extra fat helped his or her ancestors to survive in times of famine.
Evolutionary Ex.
The everyday immediate environment in which children lead their daily lives. Homes, caregivers, friends and teachers are all influences. Child actively helps construct this environment shaping the immediate world. Level at which most traditional work in child development is directed.
Microsystem
Connect the various aspects of the microsystem. Binds children’s to parents, student to teachers, employees to bosses, and friends to friends. Direct and indirect influences that bind us to one another. (ex. bad day at work temperament effects kids)
Mesosystem
Represents broader influences, encompassing societal institiutions such as local government, the community, schools, places of worship and local media. Have an immediate and major impact on personal development and affects how the microsystem and mesosystem operate (quality of school affects kids cognitive development)
Exosystem
Represents the larger cultural influences on an individual including society in general, types of govs, religious and political value system, etc. (ex value culture places on education)
Macrosystem
Underlies each of the pervious systems. Involves the way the passage of time, including historical evens and more graual historical changes effect a child’s development.
Chronosystem
