Quiz 6 Flashcards
(25 cards)
3 levels of Kohlberg’s Moral Development
Pre-Conventional
Conventional
Post-Conventional
FOCUS of Pre-conventional
Consequence Behavior
ORIENTATION of Pre-conventional
Towards Self
FOCUS of Conventional
Lawful behavior
ORIENTATION of Conventional
Towards others
FOCUS Post-Conventional
Social Contracts
ORIENTATION of Post-Conventional
Towards Self and Others
Trust vs. Mistrust
0-2
Hope
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
2-3
Willpower (mobility and restraint)
Initiative vs. Guilt
3-5
Purpose- able to direct one’s own experience and meet new challenges
Industry vs. Inferiority
6-11
Competence - belief in one’s ability to preform difficult tasks
Identity vs. Role Confusion
teen
Faithfulness- to one’s sense of self and relations with others
Intimacy vs. Isolation
early adult
Love - one’s capacity for authentic love must include commitment
Generativity vs. Stagnation
middle adulthood
Caring - concern with well being for others
Integrity vs Despair
late adulthood
Wisdom - quality of making good decisions for one’s self and others
Stage 1: Egocentric (Undifferentiated) Perspective Taking
(Ages 3 – 5)
Fails to distinguish between the social perspective of self and others.
Stage 1: Egocentric (Undifferentiated) Perspective Taking EXAMPLE
A young child predicts that Holly will save the kitten because she does not want it to get hurt and believes that Holly’s father will feel just as she does about her climbing the tree, that is, he is happy because he likes kittens, too.
Stage 2: Social-Informational Perspective Taking
(Ages 6 – 8)
A child is aware that people think differently about the situation
but does not coordinate the social perspectives of self and others.
Stage 2: Social-Informational Perspective Taking EXAMPLE
When asked how Holly’s father will react when he finds out that she climbed the tree, a child responds, “If he didn’t know anything about the kitten, he would be angry. But, if Holly shows him the kitten, he might change his mind.”
Stage 3: Self-Reflective Perspective Taking
(Ages 8 – 10)
Children are aware of other perspectives and can coordinate them;
however, they typically default to their own point-of-view.
Stage 3: Self-Reflective Perspective Taking EXAMPLE
When asked whether Holly thinks she will be punished, children say, “No, Holly knows that her father will understand why she climbed the tree.” Note: Holly is aware of her father’s concern and point-of-view but projects her point-of-view on him.
Stage 4: Mutual (Third-Party) Perspective Taking
(Ages 10 – 12)
A person can think beyond a two-person situation and contemplate how oneself and another are viewed from the perspective of a third, impartial person. That is, self and others can view each other mutually and simultaneously.
Stage 4: Mutual (Third-Party) Perspective Taking EXAMPLE
When asked whether Holly should be punished, a person replies, “No. Although her father is still concerned about her safety, he knows that Holly did not climb the tree to defy him but rather to save the kitten and to console Sean.”
Stage 5: Societal (Social & Conventional) Perspective
(Ages 12 through adulthood)
A person understands that mutual (third-party) perspective taking does not insure agreement, because any point-of-view can be influenced by one or more systems of societal values.
