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Anatomy > Quiz 5 Review > Flashcards

Quiz 5 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Common Flexor Tendinitis

A

-Common Flexor Tendinitis
-a.k.a. Medial Epicondylitis
Layman’s Term = Golfers Elbow

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2
Q

Muscles of Anterior Forearm (flexor-pronator group)

A

3 Layers: Superficial, Intermediate, Deep
-Has septum of deep fascia that separates deep layer of flexor muscles from superficial and intermediate layers
-Dividing line between flexor-pronator and extensor-supinator group is Posterior Border of Ulna
-There is a common proximal tendinous attachment: common flexor tendon (CFT) which attaches to medial epicondyle of humerus

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3
Q

Palmar Aponeurosis

A

-Strong connective tissue (CT) covers palm of hand
-PROXIMAL PART IS CONTINUOUS WITH FLEXOR RETINACULUM & FASCIA OF FOREARM (ANTEBRACHIAL FASCIA)

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4
Q

Pronator Teres (Attachment)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: Medial epicondyle, coronoid process of the ulna
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Middle, Lateral surface of the Radius

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4
Q

Superficial Layer of the Anterior Forearm

A

-Pronator Teres
-Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR)
-Palmaris Longus
-Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU)

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5
Q

Pronator Teres (Action)

A

-Action: Pronation (radioulnar joints)
-Action: Elbow Flexion (Weak)

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6
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis (Attachment)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: Medial Epicondyle
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Base of 2nd metacarpal (slip also runs to base of the 3rd)
*RADIAL ARTERY IS JUST LATERAL TO IT

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7
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis (Action)

A

-Action: Radiocarpal Joint Flexion
-Action: Radial Deviation (abduction) (with ECRL/ECRB)
-Action: Elbow Flexion (weak)

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8
Q

Palmaris Longus (attachment)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: Medial Epicondyle
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Palmar Aponeurosis
*Absent on one or both sides (usually the left) in 14% of the population
*If absent, its actions are easily compensated for by FCU, FCR

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9
Q

Palmaris Longus (Action)

A

-Action: Radiocarpal Joint Flexion
-Action: Elbow Flexion (weak)

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10
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (Attachment)

A

*MUSCLE HAS 2 HEADS: HUMERAL HAD & AN ULNAR HEAD
*ULNAR NERVE PASSES BETWEEN THE 2 HEADS
*ULNAR NERVE & ARTERY ARE JUST LATERAL TO IT
Superior/Proximal Attachment (humeral head): Medial Epicondyle
-Superior/Proximal Attachment (ulnar head): Olecranon & Upper 1/2 of the posterior ulna
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Pisiform, hook of hamate, base of the 5th metacarpal

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11
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (Action)

A

-Action: Radiocarpal joint flexion
-Action: Ulnar Deviation (adduction) (with ECU)
-Action: Elbow Flexion (weak)

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12
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (Attachments)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment (humeroulnar head): Medial epicondyle, coronoid process of Ulna
-Superior/Proximal Attachment (radial head): Anterior/superior radius
-inferior/Distal Attachment: Sides of bases of intermediate phalanges of medial four digits

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13
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (Actions)

A

-Action: 2nd-5th CMC, MCP, PIP joint flexion (PIPs BASED ON ATTACHMENT TO INTERMEDIATE PHALANGES)
* NOTE HOW TENDON SPLITS AT DISTAL ATTACHMENT
-Action: Radiocarpal joint flexion
-Action: Elbow flexion (weak)

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14
Q

The Deep Layer of the Anterior Forearm

A

-Flexor Digitorum Profundus (FDP)
-Flexor Pollicis Longus (FPL)
-Pronator Quadratus
*None of these muscles attach proximally to humerus

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15
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus (attachments)

A

Superior/Proximal Attachment: Proximal anterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
Inferior/Distal Attachment: Bases of distal phalanges of medial four digits
* All tendons pass over the flexor retinaculum
* As each of the tenants travel into the fingers, it is enclosed with a common sheath

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16
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus (actions)

A

-Action: 2nd-5th CMC, MCP, IP joint flexion
-Action: Radiocarpal joint flexion

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17
Q

Pollicis/Pollux = ________________

A

Thumb

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18
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus (attachments)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: Anterior middle surface of radius and interosseous membrane
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Base of distal phalanx of thumb

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19
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus (actions)

A

-Action: IP joint flexion of 1st digit
-Action: MCP, CMC joint flexion of the first digit

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20
Q

Pronator Quadratus (attachments)

A

-Medial Attachment: Distal anterior Ulna
-Lateral Attachment: Distal anterior Radius
* Cannot be palpated nor observed
* Also helps to hold Ulna and Radius together

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21
Q

Pronator Quadratus (action)

A

-Action: Pronation (prime mover) (radioulnar joints)

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22
Q

Muscles that Rotate the Forearm/Hand

A

Pronator Quadratus, Pronator Teres

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23
Q

Muscles that Flex the Hand

A

FCR, FCU, Palmaris Longus

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24
Q

Muscles that Flex the Digits

A

FDS, FDP, FPL

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25
Q

Structures Passing Through the Carpal Tunnel

A

-Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
-Flexor Digitorum Profundus
-Flexor Pollicis Longus
-The Median Nerve

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26
Q

Muscles of the Posterior Forearm (extensor–supinator group)

A

2 Layers: Superficial and deep
-Brachioradialis (although it’s on anterolateral part of the forearm, it’s a elbow, flexor, forms lateral border of cubital fossa, is innervated by the radial nerve, therefore is considered part of the extensor group)
-Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (ECRL)
-Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (ECRB)
-Extensor Digitorum (ED) *NOTE THAT IN ARM IT IS ED, IN LEG IT IS EDL, EDB
-Extensor Digiti Minimi
-Extensor Carpi Ulnaris (ECU)

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27
Q

Extensor Retinaculum

A

-Extensor tendons at the wrist pass under the extensor retinaculum
-With each tendon is a sheath for protection

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28
Q

Brachioradialis (attachments)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus (proximal part)
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Lateral distal radius

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29
Q

Brachioradialis (action)

A

-Action: Elbow flexion (strongest when form is in neutral)

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30
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (attachments)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: Supracondylar ridge of humerus (distal part)
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Base of the 2nd metacarpal

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31
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (action)

A

-Action: Radiocarpal extension
-Action: Radial deviation (abduction) (with FC and ECRB)

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32
Q

For muscles ECRB, ED, Extensor Digiti Minimi, and ECU what is the common proximal tendon attachment?

A

The common extensor tendon (CET) which attaches to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus

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33
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (attachments)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: Lateral epicondyle
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Base of the 3rd metacarpal

34
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (action)

A

-Action: Radiocarpal extension
-Action: Radial deviation (abduction) (with FCR and ECRL)

35
Q

What is the WAD of 3?

A

-Brachioradialis
-Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

36
Q

Extensor Digitorum (attachments)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: Lateral Epicondyle
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Distal Phalanges of the Medial 4 Digits

37
Q

Extensor Digitorum (actions)

A

-Action: 2nd-5th MCP, IP extension
-Action: Radiocarpal extension

38
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi (attachments)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: Lateral Epicondyle
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Extensor expansion of the 5th digit (CONNECTIVE TISSUE THAT FORMS A ‘ HOOD’ AT THE 2nd 5th MCPs SO AS TO SUPPORT LOCAL STRUCTURES (TENDONS, JOINTS))

39
Q

Extensor Digiti Minimi (action)

A

-Action: 5th digit extension

40
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris (attachments)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: Lateral Epicondyle
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Base of the 5th metatarsal

41
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris (action)

A

-Action: Radiocarpal extension
-Action: Ulnar Deviation (with FCU)

42
Q

Deep Layer of the Posterior Forearm

A

-Supinator
-Extensor Indicis
-Abductor Pollicis Longus
-Extensor Pollicis Brevis
-Extensor Pollicis Longus

43
Q

Supinator (Attachments)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment (superficial layer): Lateral Epicondyle, LCL, Annular Ligament
-Superior/Proximal Attachment: (deep layer): Supinator Fossa/Crest of Ulna (posterior proximal ulna)
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Anterior/Lateral/Posterior Parts of Proximal Radius

44
Q

Supinator (Action)

A

Supination (radioulnar joints) (especially slow, non-resisted supination)

45
Q

Extensor Indicis (Attachment)

A

-Superior/Proximal Attachment: Posterior Mid-Distal Forearm (posterior mid-distal ulnar surface & interosseous membrane)
-Inferior/Distal Attachment: Extensor Expansion of the 2nd digit (@ MCP)

46
Q

Extensor Indicis (Action)

A

Extends 2nd Digit

47
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus (attachment)

A

-Superior/proximal attachment: posterior mid-distal forearm (posterior surface of ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane)
-Inferior/distal attachment: Base of 1st metacarpal

48
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus (action)

A

Action: 1st CMC abduction

49
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis (attachment)

A

-Superior/proximal attachment: posterior mid-distal forearm (posterior mid-distal radial surface and interosseous membrane)
-inferior/distal attachment: Base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

50
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis (action)

A

-Action: 1st MCP extension
-Action: 1st CMC extension

51
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus (attachment)

A

-Superior/proximal attachment: posterior mid-distal forearm (posterior ulnar surface and interosseous membrane) (superior to the extensor indicis)
-Inferior/distal attachment: base of the distal phalanx of the thumb

52
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus (action)

A

-Action: 1st IP extension
-Action: 1st MCP extension

53
Q

The Anatomical Snuffbox

A

-On the lateral aspect at the base of the thumb
-Anterior Border: abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis
-Posterior Border: extensor pollicis longus
-Floor: Scaphoid
* Remember this is from anatomical position

54
Q

Thenar Muscles

A

Thenar relates to thumb so this is the fleshy part at the base of the thumb

55
Q

Opponens Pollicis (attachment)

A

-Proximal attachment: flexor retinaculum, tubercle of the trapezium
-Distal attachment: lateral side of 1st metacarpal

56
Q

Opponens Pollicis (action)

A

-Action: plexus and rotates the thumb medially (during grasping) (components of opposition)

57
Q

Abductor Pollicis Brevis (attachment)

A

-Proximal Attachment: flexor retinaculum, tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
-Distal Attachment: lateral side of base of the proximal phalanx thumb

58
Q

Abductor Pollicis Brevis (action)

A

-Action: abducts thumb and assists in opposition (abduction being a component of opposition)

59
Q

Flexor Pollicis Brevis (attachment)

A

-Proximal Attachment: flexor retinaculum, tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
-Distill attachment: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb

60
Q

Flexor Pollicis Brevis (action)

A

-Action: flexes thumb and assists in opposition (flexion being a component of opposition)

61
Q

The Hypothenar Muscles

A

The fleshy part at the base of the 5th digit

62
Q

Opponens Digiti Minimi (attachment)

A

-Proximal Attachment: hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
-Distal Attachment: Medial border of the 5th metacarpal

63
Q

Opponens Digiti Minimi (action)

A

-Action: draws the 5th metacarpal anteriorly and rotates it to oppose the thumb

64
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi (attachment)

A

-Proximal Attachment: pisiform
-Distal Attachment: medial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th

65
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi (action)

A

-Action: Abducts 5th finger

66
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis (attachment)

A

-Proximal Attachment: hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
-Distal Attachment: Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of the 5th

67
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis (action)

A

-Action: flexes proximal phalanx of the 5th

68
Q

Palmaris Brevis (attachments)

A

-Superior/proximal attachment: flexor retinaculum, palmar aponeurosis
-Inferior/distal attachment: skin on the medial side of the palm

69
Q

Palmaris Brevis (action)

A

-Action: wrinkles the skin on the medial side of the palm (this deepens, the hollow of the palm which aids in grip)
-Action: covers/protects the ulnar nerve and artery
* relatively unimportant

70
Q

Adductor Pollicis (attachment)

A

-Superior/proximal attachment (oblique head): base of the 2nd metacarpal, trapezoid, capitate
-Superior/proximal attachment (transverse head): shaft of the 3rd metacarpal
-Inferior/distal attachment: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
* Forms the bulk of the thumb web space on the anterior surface opposite the first dorsal interosseous on the posterior surface

71
Q

Adductor Pollicis (action)

A

-Action: adducts the thumb when you (significantly contributes to grasping power)

72
Q

Lumbricals (attachment)

A

-Superior/proximal attachment: FDP tendon
-Inferior/distal attachment: extensor expansion of 2nd-5th digits

73
Q

Lumbricals (action)

A

-Action: MCP flexion, IP extension

74
Q

Dorsal Interossei (4 muscles) (attachment)

A

-Superior/proximal attachment: adjacent sites of two metacarpal bones
-Inferior/distal attachment: extensor, expansions, and bases of proximal phalanges of 2nd-4th digits

75
Q

Dorsal Interossei (4 muscles) (action)

A

-Action: Abducts digits

76
Q

Palmar Interossei (3 muscles) (attachments)

A

-Superior/proximal attachment: Palmer surfaces of 2nd, 4th, and 5th metacarpals
-Inferior/distal attachment: Extensor expansions, and pieces of proximal phalanges of 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits

77
Q

Palmar Interossei (3 muscles) (action)

A

-Action: adducts digits

78
Q

What are the Thenar Muscles? (*will definitely be test question)

A

-Opponens Pollicis
-Abductor Pollicis Brevis
-Flexor Pollicis Brevis

79
Q

What are the Hypothenar Muscles? (*will definitely be test question)

A

-Opponens Digiti Minimi
-Abductor Digiti Minimi
-Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
-Palmaris Brevis

80
Q

Has _____________ that separates deep layer of flexor muscles from superficial and intermediate layers

A

Septum of Deep Fascia

81
Q

Dividing line between flexor-pronator and extensor-supinator group is ___________________.

A

Posterior Border of Ulna

82
Q

(Anterior Forearm Flexors) There is a common proximal tendinous attachment: _________________ which attaches to ___________________.

A

Common Flexor Tendon (CFT), Medial Epicondyle of Humerus

Anatomy (22 decks)

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