Quizzies (Thoracic Region)

Question 1

What features will allow discrimination between T2-T4 and T5-T8 segmental groups?

Answer 1

The vertebral body, transverse process, articular process, and spinous process

Question 2

What is the outline of the vertebral body of a typical thoracic from superior view?

Answer 2

Triangular

Question 3

On cranial view, what is the outline of the vertebral body for the T2-T4 group?

Answer 3

The vertebral body will have bilaterally convex sides

Question 4

What is the name given to the left side appearance of the vertebral body of T5-T8?

Answer 4

The aortic impression

Question 5

What part of the vertebral body is most influenced by the aorta at T5-T8?

Answer 5

The left side superior and inferior epiphyseal rims

Question 6

What is the height pattern of the typical thoracic vertebral body?

Answer 6

The posterior height is greater than the anterior height by one or two millimeters

Question 7

What is the principal cause of the posterior curve of the thoracic spine?

Answer 7

The vertebral body height differences

Question 8

In terms of the anterior-posterior curves of the vertebral column, what direction will the thoracic spine face?

Answer 8

Posterior

Question 9

What is another way of naming a posterior curve pattern?

Answer 9

Kyphotic

Question 10

What joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

Answer 10

Fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis, and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

Question 11

How many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

Answer 11

Four

Question 12

How many symphysis joints are formed with the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

Answer 12

Two

Question 13

How many joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?

Answer 13

Typically ten (fourteen if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included)

Question 14

What is the name given to the joint formed between the vertebral body and rib?

Answer 14

Costocentral joint

Question 15

Which of the demi-facets on the vertebral body of a typical thoracic is larger?

Answer 15

The superior costal demi-facet

Question 16

What ligaments support the costocentral joint?

Answer 16

The costocentral stellate/radiate ligament and the costocentral interarticular or intra-articular ligament

Question 17

What does the costocentral intra-articular or interarticular ligament connect to?

Answer 17

The interarticular or intra-articular crest of the head of the rib and the intervertebral disc

Question 18

What is the size relationship between the articulating surface of the head of the rib and the costal demi-facet surface?

Answer 18

The rib surface is greater than the costal demi-facet surface

Question 19

Which muscle(s) is attached to the vertebral body of T2 or T3?

Answer 19

The longus colli

Question 20

What is the position and direction of the pedicle from the typical thoracic vertebral body?

Answer 20

The pedicle arises from the upper third of the vertebral body and projects posterior and slightly lateral

Question 21

What is the angulation of the pedicle in the typical thoracic region?

Answer 21

Ten to fifteen degrees posterolateral from the sagittal plane

Question 22

Which X-ray view is used to see into the intervertebral foramen of a typical thoracic?

Answer 22

The lateral view

Question 23

Which vertebral notch or incisure is said to be prominent?

Answer 23

The inferior vertebral notch or inferior vertebral incisure

Question 24

What is the overlap of the lamina called in the typical thoracic region?

Answer 24

Shingling

Question 25

What is the outline of the vertebral foramen in the typical thoracic region?

Answer 25

Oval to circular

Question 26

In which plane will the size of the vertebral foramen of a typical thoracic be greatest?

Answer 26

The transverse plane, the vertebral transverse diameter

Question 27

What is present on the transverse tubercle of a typical thoracic?

Answer 27

The transverse costal facet

Question 28

What are the osseous parts of the costotransverse joint?

Answer 28

The transverse costal facet and the articular surface of the tubercle of a rib

Question 29

What ligaments support the costotransverse joint of a typical thoracic?

Answer 29

The superior costotransverse, inferior costotransverse, and lateral costotransverse ligaments

Question 30

Which muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical thoracic?

Answer 30

The longissimus thoracis, longissimus cervicis, longissimus capitis, semispinalis thoracis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis capitis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, intertransversarii, levator costarum longus, and levator costarum brevis

Question 31

What is the angulation of the articular facet of a typical thoracic?

Answer 31

About ten to twenty degrees from the coronal plane; sixty degrees from the horizontal plane

Question 32

What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of a typical thoracic?

Answer 32

They face backward, upward, and lateral (BUL)

Question 33

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of a typical thoracic?

Answer 33

They face forward, downward, and medial (ForMeD)

Question 34

How many synovial joints are present at a typical thoracic?

Answer 34

Ten

Question 35

How many synovial joint surfaces for ribs are present on a typical thoracic?

Answer 35

Six

Question 36

What name is given to the region between the superior and inferior articular processes in the typical thoracics?

Answer 36

The pars interarticularis

Question 37

What is the angulation of the spinous process in the typical thoracic region?

Answer 37

The undersurface of T2-T4 spinous processes will angle up to forty degrees from the horizontal plane The undersurface of T5-T8 spinous processes will angle up to sixty degrees from the horizontal plane

Question 38

Which muscles may attach to the spinous process of a typical thoracic?

Answer 38

The trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhombic major, serratus posterior superior, splenius cervicis, splenius capitis, spinalis thoracis, spinalis cervicis, spinalis capitis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, and interspinalis

Question 39

What muscles are associated with the five muscle layers of the true back?

Answer 39

Layer one consists of the trapezius and latissimus dorsi Layer two consists of the rhomboidal and levator scapulae Layer three consists of the serratus posterior Layer four consists of the erector spinae Layer five consists of the transversospinalis

Question 40

How many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of T1?

Answer 40

Four normally

Question 41

How many symphysis joints are formed with the vertebral body of T1?

Answer 41

Two

Question 42

How many joints are formed at the vertebral body of T1?

Answer 42

Typically ten (fourteen if the rib ligaments are included)

Question 43

What ligament is absent at the costotransverse joint of T1?

Answer 43

The superior costotransverse ligament

Question 44

What ligaments attach to the transverse process of T1?

Answer 44

Intertransverse, capsular costotransverse, superior costotransverse, inferior costotransverse, and lateral costotransverse

Question 45

How can you distinguish between a T2-T4 from T5-T8 segment using the articular process?

Answer 45

At T2-T4 the width between the superior articular processes is greater than the width between the inferior articular processes of that vertebra At T5-T8 the width between the superior articular processes is equal to or the same as the width between the inferior articular processes of that vertebra

Question 46

What muscles attach to the spinous process of T1?

Answer 46

The trapezius, rhomboid minor, serratus posterior superior, splenius capitis, spinalis thoracis, spinalis cervicis, spinalis capitis,semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, interspinalis