RAD THERA - FINALS L3

Question 1

A ______ relationship exists between the radiosensitivity of cells and the rate of growth

Answer 1

Direct

Question 2

This pertains to a group of cells that are RAPIDLY DIVIDING

Answer 2

Sensitive Cells

(Sensitive palagi ang mga cells na MABILIS MAGPARAMI OR MAG PROLIFERATE)

Question 2

Sensitive Cells include (5):

Answer 2

1. Cells of Testis and Ovary
2. Bone Marrow Cells
3. Hematopoietic Cells
4. Epithelial Cells of the Lining of Alimentary Tract
5. Epithelial Cells in Epidermis

Question 2

Cumulative effects in the skin is not apparent during the first _____ days of treatment

Answer 2

7-10 Days

Question 3

Less Sensitive Cells include (4):

Answer 3

1. Muscle
2. Bone
3. Fibrous Tissue
4. Nerve Tissue

Question 3

People with fair skin tend to be ____- than darker persons and the changes are easily visible.

Answer 3

More Sensitive

Question 4

It is the organ of the body irradiated in all treatments for external beam therapy as it is the portal through radiation enters the body irrespective of its involvement.

Answer 4

Skin

Question 5

_______ due to over sweating contributes to quicker skin reactions

Answer 5

Moisture

Question 5

TRUE OR FALSE

Skin sensitivity is expressed in the same way as reactions to UV rays.

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

What type of clothes must be worn to help reduce skin reactions ?

A. Tight, Cotton
B. Tight, Silk
C. Loose, Cotton
D. Loose, Katrina

Answer 6

C. Loose, Cotton

Question 7

Radiation Dermatitis may be considered as ____ or _____

Answer 7

Acute or Chronic

Question 8

This pertains to dermatitis that occurs during the treatment course

Answer 8

Acute Dermatitis

Question 9

This is radiation dermatitis that occurs after months or years

Answer 9

Chronic Dermatitis

Question 10

ACUTE DERMATITIS STAGING:

The skin becomes itchy with increasing reddening (erythema).
The reactions of the skin is due to the inflammation that results to the breakdown of damaged cells. Emollient steroid creams or antibiotic ointments may be needed and will be prescribed to the patient by the doctor.

Answer 10

FIRST DEGREE ACUTE DERMATITIS

Question 11

ACUTE DERMATITIS STAGING:

This is not normally seen, this is due to over dosage of the skin.The blistering and skin damage involves the deeper layer of the skin (necrosis). The lesions are painful, taking few months to heal due to destructions of blood vessel.

Answer 11

FOURTH DEGREE DERMATITIS

Question 12

ACUTE DERMATITIS STAGING:

Damage is cause to hair follicles. Hair become
loose and fall out spontaneously. The sweat gland and sebaceous gland are damaged resulting in dry and itchy skin. The dryness progresses to flaking and peeling (dry desquamation).The hair falls only if directly exposed to radiation e.g. in brain radiation. Regrowth occurs 2-3 months following completion of treatment. Treating physician will be able to help the patient with topical creams.

Answer 12

SECOND DEGREE ACUTE DERMATITIS

Question 13

ACUTE DERMATITIS STAGING:

The erythema deepens with the formation of blistering. The skin breaks down with the exudation of serum (moist desquamation). Damaged to hair
follicles ,sweat glands are permanent if the radiation has been given to this dose.

Answer 13

THIRD DEGREE ACUTE DERMATITIS

Question 14

CHRONIC DERMATITIS REACTIONS:

After healing from moist desquamation, the skin is altered in texture and color. The skin may be darker with a papery covering that readily breaks down

Answer 14

Atrophy

Question 14

CHRONIC DERMATITIS REACTIONS:

Coloration varies from light to dark brown and often depicts the
shape of the treatment fields.

Answer 14

Pigmentation

Question 15

CHRONIC DERMATITIS REACTIONS:

Persistent breakdown of an atrophic area that may be slow or fail to heal. Excision grafting may be required.

Answer 15

Ulceration

Question 16

CHRONIC DERMATITIS REACTIONS:

Damaged skin may heal with loss of elasticity giving it a typical
leathery feel (fibrosis).

Answer 16

Thickening

Question 16

CHRONIC DERMATITIS REACTIONS:

The destruction and damage of blood vessels leads to depleted
blood supply and gradual tissue destruction.

Answer 16

Ischaemia

Question 16

CHRONIC DERMATITIS REACTIONS:

Destruction or narrowing of small superficial blood vessels, it leads to compensation by capillary dilatation. Skin appearance is a network of broken superficial veins

Answer 16

Telangiectasia

Question 17

You have noticed that the patient is not receptive of information on the first day of treatment, what will you do ?

A. Explain further for explanations usually need repeating

B. Tell the patient “I said it once that’s enough

C. Call the Chief RTT and let them explain further

D. Tuktukan sa ulo ang patient

Answer 17

A. Explain further for EXPLANATIONS USUALLY NEED REPEATING

Question 18

TRUE OR FALSE Hot water should be used on the skin area being irradiated

Answer 18

FALSE Hot water SHOULD NOT be used on the skin area being irradiated

Question 19

Which physical reaction must be avoided at all cost when drying the skin ? A. Contact B. Friction C. Reaction D. Temperature

Answer 19

B. Friction

Question 19

What type of powder should not be used to avoid difficulty in cleaning, infection, and development of false-positive calcifications ? A. Talcum Powder B. Baby Powder C. Johnson's Powder D. Milcu Powder

Answer 19

A. Talcum Powder

Question 20

TRUE OR FALSE Deodorant must not be used under the arm being treated, particularly the breast field.

Answer 20

TRUE (Remember mammo)

Question 21

Tight clothing should also be avoided, particularly ______

Answer 21

Neck Collars

Question 22

Patients need to use a ______ to prevent dental caries and promote enamel remineralization

Answer 22

Daily Fluoride Mouthwash

Question 22

This is helpful in dressing broken down skin surfaces and promote healing

Answer 22

Paraffin Gauze

Question 23

It is a site where complications frequently develop either as a direct result to the malignancy or as an unwanted side effect of the treatment.

Answer 23

Oral Cavity

Question 24

This RT effect affects swallowing, chewing, and speaking

Answer 24

Reduction or Cessation of Saliva Production

Question 25

What is the medical terminology for dry mouth ?

Answer 25

Xerostomia

Question 26

A _____ calorific intake is required during radiotherapy.

Answer 26

High