Raine A01

Question 1

Methodology-part 1?

Answer 1

-quasi expereiment with a matched pairs deign.
-IV-naturally occurring difference between people NGRI murders and non murder
-DV-Differences in brain activity(glucose metabolism)-measured on a PET scan

Question 2

Methodology-Part 2-Expereimnetal group

Answer 2

-41 Ps -39 males and 2 females
-Average age 34.3
-All had been charged with murder/manslaughter but not pleading guilty due to reason of insanity
-referred to brain imaging centre in university’s of calorific to obtain evidence for their NGRI defence and to reduce their sentence
-Reasons for referrals-23 with a history of brain injury,2 with affective disorder,3 with a history of physcoactive substance abuse,6 schtiophreina

Question 3

Methodology-Part 3 control group

Answer 3

-Control group of 41 was formed by matching each mudrer with a normal subject for the same age and sex.6 people diagnosed with schitphonia were matched with 6 NGRI murders who had schizophrenia
-Average age 31.7(39 men and 2 women
-Control group was screened for their mental and physical health
-2 weeks before brain scanning the NGRI group were held in custody kept med free,control was also kept med free

Question 4

Procedure part 1

Answer 4

-Both groups were given a radio active glucose injection which was taken up by the brain in a 32 minute period.
-During the 32 min period all Ps had to complete a cPT(based around target recognition)to see which areas of the brain were active during attentional tasks
-CPT-Ps were told they would see or hear the number 1 or 2.When presented with the number 1 in visual or auditory form they had to click the mouse ,when presented with a number 2 they did not have to click.

Question 5

Findings-Mneomic to ember

Answer 5

Higher glucose metabolism in NGRI compared to controls-OT
-Lower glucose metabolism i NGRI compared to controls-PPC
-No difference in glucose metabolism-TCC
-Hemispheric asyemetry-AME

Question 6

Findings Higher glucose metobilism in NGRI compared to controls

Answer 6

-Occipital
-Thalamus

Question 7

Lower glucose metoblim in NGRI compared to controls

Answer 7

-Prefrontal -Parietal -Corpus Callousm

Question 8

No difference in glucose metoblim

Answer 8

-Temporal -Cingulate -Cerbellum,midbrain,caudate,putamen,globus pallidus

Question 9

Procedure-Part 2

Answer 9

-10 mins before injection Ps were given the opportunity to practice the CPT
-30 seconds before the injection Ps started the CPT
-After 32 mins all ps were given a pet scan

Question 10

Procedure-Part 3

Answer 10

-10 horizontal Pics of the brain were taken
-The differences in brain activity(glucose metabolism) in the 14 selected areas of the right and left hempsihpheres of the brain in both NGRI murders and controls was compared
-The activity in 6 cortical and 8 sub cortical areas was examined

Question 11

Findings-Hempisphreic asymmetry

Answer 11

-Amydala-NGRI murders showed significantly greater right and reduced left amygdala activity compared to controls
-Medial temporal lobe including the hippocampus-Murders had relatively reduced left and greater right activity
-Effects of handness-6 murders who were left handed had significantly greater medial frontal activity compared to right hand murders who had lower activity and significantly less amygdala symmetry.