Random 2

Question 1

MCC tumor of adrenal medulla in children?

Answer 1

Neuroblastoma

Question 2

Anterior pit derived from?

Post pit derived from

Answer 2

ant=rathkes pouch– oral ectoderm

Post=neuroectoderm

Question 3

Insulin dependent channel?

Answer 3

glut 4– adipose tissue and skeletal muscle

Question 4

hormone that stimulates prolactin release?

Answer 4

TRH

Question 5

17 alpha hydroxylase deficiency– what will XX phenotype look like?

Answer 5

Externally phenotypic female with normal internal sex organs, lacks secondary sexual characteristics

Question 6

17 alpha hydroxylase deficiency– what will XY phenotype show?

Answer 6

ambiguous genitalia; undescended testes

Question 7

How does cortisol maintain blood pressure?

Answer 7

Increases alpha 1 receptors on arterioles–>inc sensitivity to NE and Epi

Question 8

IP3 signaling pathway?

Answer 8

GGOAT GnRH; GHRH; Oxytocin; ADh, TRH

Question 9

Vit D and aldosterone signaling pathway?

Answer 9

Steroid receptor

Question 10

Thyroid hormone leads to increase of this receptor?

Answer 10

Beta One receptor in heart

Question 11

Increases beta one receptor in heart?/

Answer 11

TH

Question 12

Describe negative feedback of T3

Answer 12

feeds back on anterior pituitary to decrease its sensitivity to TRH

Question 13

3 things that increase thryoid binding globulin?

Answer 13

Pregnancy, OCP (sort of the same thing) and Hepatic failure

Question 14

Elevated HVA; tumor

Answer 14

Neuroblastoma

Question 15

Myxedema vs pretibial myxedema

Answer 15

facial/periorbital myxedema is HYPOTHYROIDISM

Question 16

histology of hashimotos

Answer 16

Lymphocytic infiltrate with germinal centers– CELL MEDIATED IMMUNE RESPONSE

Question 17

HLA DR 5?

Answer 17

Hashimotos– 5 dollars for chinese chicken

Question 18

Protuberant tongue; portruding umbilicus

Answer 18

cretinism

Question 19

Riedels thryoditis– thyroid replaced by?

Answer 19

fibrous tissue

Question 20

thyroid cancer– capsular infiltration?

Answer 20

follicular carcinoma

Question 21

sheets of cells in amyloid stroma

Answer 21

Medullary carcinoma

Question 22

What will you see in urine in primary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 22

cAMP– blood will show high alk phos

Question 23

Kidney stones, many fractures, constipation, psych shit

Answer 23

primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 24

Hight PTH; hypocalcemia; shortened 4th and 5th digits; short stature

Answer 24

pseudohypoparathyroidism

Question 25

two treatments for pituitary adenoma

Answer 25

cabergoline and bromocriptine

Question 26

3 drugs to treat nephrogenic DI?

Answer 26

HCTZ; indomethacin; amiloride

Question 27

empty sella syndrome is common in?

Answer 27

obese women

Question 28

HLA dr3 and dr4

Answer 28

type 1 diabetes mellitus

Question 29

difference in histology of dm1 and dm2

Answer 29

dm1=leukocytic infiltrate | dm2=amyloid deposit

Question 30

describe rhizopus

Answer 30

Broad, nonseptae hyphae-- branch at 90 angles

Question 31

carcinoid syndrome can result in which vitamin deficiency?

Answer 31

Niacin-- remember that niacin is derived from tryptophan and carcinoid syndrome has increased serotonin which is also derived from tryptophan-->dec in tryptophan-->dec in niacin which can cause pellagra

Question 32

MEN1 often present with?

Answer 32

kidney stones and stmoach cancers

Question 33

DDX for disulfiram like effects?

Answer 33

Sulfonylureas; metronidazole; griseofulvin

Question 34

How do DPP-4 inhibitors work?

Answer 34

GLP1 is inactivated by DPP4 (DPP4= gliptins) | glp1 analogs= exenatide and liraglutide

Question 35

Steroid receptor pathway

Answer 35

VETTT CAP | Vitamin D; estrogen; T3 T4; testosterone; cortisol; aldosterone progesterone

Question 36

Post pituitary derived from?

Answer 36

Neural tube (ectoderm)

Question 37

GI tract derived from? | CV derived from?

Answer 37

Endoderm | Mesoderm

Question 38

Besides ataxia and telangiectasia-- what else can be seen in an AT patient

Answer 38

humoral and cellular immune dysfunction

Question 39

this murmur is heard best with the patient leaning forward

Answer 39

Aortic regurg

Question 40

Daytime and nighttime treatment for narcolepsy?

Answer 40

Modafinil and amphetamines during day | Sodium oxybate at night

Question 41

Target cells?

Answer 41

HALT!!!!! HbC, asplenia, liver disease, thalassemi

Question 42

Basophilic stippling/

Answer 42

TAiL | Thalassemia, Anemia of chronic disease, lead poisoning

Question 43

Crew cut appearance on xray?

Answer 43

Beta thal major

Question 44

Defect in sideroblastic anemia?

Answer 44

ALA synthase -- can be caused by alcohol lead and isoniazid-- treat with pyridoxine!!!

Question 45

Treat sideroblastic anemia with?

Answer 45

pyridoxine