RCA Head and Neck lecture 2 muscles and joints

Question 1

what are the muscles of mastication

Answer 1

temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, masseter,

Question 2

what nerve innervates all the muscles of mastication

Answer 2

mandibular nerve

Question 3

functions of the temporalis muslces

Answer 3

elevation of the mandible and the posterior fibres retract the mandible

Question 4

whats the fuction on the masseter muscle

Answer 4

elevation of the mandible

Question 5

whats the function of the medial pterygoids

Answer 5

elevates and protrudes the mandible

Question 6

whats the function of the lateral pterygoids

Answer 6

protrusion of the mandible and depression of the mandible

Question 7

whats the possible movements at the temporomandibular joint

Answer 7

depression, elevation, protrusion, retraction, lateral movement

Question 8

what are the articular surfaces of the TMJ joints

Answer 8

condyle of the mandible
articular tubercule of the temporal bone and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

Question 9

what are the compartments of the TMJ joint and whats it divided by

Answer 9

there is a superior and inferior joint cavity which is divided by an articular disc

Question 10

what are the ligaments for the TMJ joint

Answer 10

the lateral thickening of the capsule making the lateral ligament
stylomandibular ligament
sphenomandibular ligament

Question 11

what sort of movement does the TMJ joint do when it is being depressed

Answer 11

the condyle of the mandible rotates on the inferior surface of the articular disc in a hinge movement
then both structures move anteriorly on the articular surface in a gliding motion until the condyle lies inferior to the tubercle

Question 12

whats the sternocleidomastoid muscle innervated by

Answer 12

the spinal roots of the accessory nerve

Question 13

whats the action of the sternocleidomastoid

Answer 13

flexion of the neck when they both act together and rotation of the neck to the other side

Question 14

whats the function of the digastric muscle

Answer 14

elevation of the hyoid, when the hyoid is fixed it depresses the mandible

Question 15

what are the suprahyoid muscles

Answer 15

digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid

Question 16

whats the function of the suprahyoid muscles

Answer 16

elevation of the hyoid and mandibular depression

Question 17

whats the function of the infrahyoid muscles

Answer 17

anchor hyoid bone so that the suprahyoid muscles can act upon it
also depresses hyoid and larynx during swallowing and speaking

Question 18

what can the infrahyoid muscles also be called

Answer 18

strap muscles

Question 19

what are the infrahyoid muscles

Answer 19

sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid

Question 20

functions of the scalene muscles

Answer 20

elevate the first rib during forced inspiration,
help flex neck forward and laterally

Question 21

what are our scalene muscles

Answer 21

the scalenus anterior, scalenus medius, scalenus posterior