Receptors and signal transduction I

Question 1

Main receptor classes?

Answer 1

Ionotropic, metabotropic, RTKs

Question 2

Components of a tripartite synapse?

Answer 2

Pre n, post n, neighboring astrocytes and glial cells

Question 3

Ionotropic receptor timescale and effector?

Answer 3

miliseconds, channel

Question 4

Metabotropic receptor timescale and effector?

Answer 4

seconds, enzyme/channel

Question 5

Kinase linked receptor timescale, and effector?

Answer 5

Minutes, enzyme (tyrosine kinase

Question 6

Steroid/thyroid type receptor timescale, and effector?

Answer 6

hours, gene transcription

Question 7

Nicotinic ACh receptor type?

Answer 7

Ionotropic receptor–> ligand-gated ion channels

Question 8

What can the g proteins on metabotropic receptors do?

Answer 8

Regulate enzyme activity or channel opening

Question 9

What can affect the role of a g protein on a metabotropic receptor?

Answer 9

Receptor subtype, receptor localisation, diff between diff g proteins as well

Question 10

What type of receptor is the muscarinic ACh receptor?

Answer 10

Metabotropic

Question 11

What type of receptor is the insulin receptor?

Answer 11

kinase linked receptor

Question 12

What type of receptor is the oestrogen receptor?

Answer 12

steroid/thyroid type

Question 13

How many transmembrane domains do GPCRs have?

Answer 13

7

Question 14

Why are g proteins heterotrimeric?

Answer 14

They have an alpha, a beta and a gamma subunit

Question 15

Which receptor do all neuropeptides act through?

Answer 15

GPCRs

Question 16

What do a lot of RTKs do upon binding?

Answer 16

Dimerize

Question 17

How many metabotropic receptor subtypes does glutamate have?

Answer 17

8

Question 18

Classes of glutamate metabotropic receptor subtypes?

Answer 18

I, II, III

Question 19

How are the glutamate metabotropic receptors classed?

Answer 19

The effector responses they couple to

Question 20

GABAb g protein coupled receptors?

Answer 20

R1 and R2

Question 21

How many subtypes of muscarinic ACh receptors is there?

Answer 21

5

Question 22

Which type of receptor does dopamine exclusively act through?

Answer 22

Metabotropic–> 5 of them

Question 23

What can phosphorylation be used for?

Answer 23

Regulating receptors, ion channels, driving transcription

Question 24

Three main structural groups of ionotropic receptors?

Answer 24

Trimeric receptors, tetrameric receptors, pentameric subunits

Question 25

Trimeric ionotropic receptor example?

Answer 25

Purioceprors--> typically for ATP

Question 26

Tetrameric ionotropic receptor example?

Answer 26

Glutamate

Question 27

Pentameric ionotropic receptor examples?

Answer 27

Ach, GABA, Glycine, Serotonin

Question 28

Structure of each tetrameric transmembrane subunit?

Answer 28

3 transmembrane domains w/ a re-entrant loop

Question 29

Structure of each pentameric transmembrane subunit?

Answer 29

Four transmembrane domains each

Question 30

Homomeric receptor?

Answer 30

A receptor with the same structure (e.g. pentameric w/ five of the same subunit)

Question 31

Result of heteromeric receptors?

Answer 31

Gives a lot of diversity due to the amount of diff subunit combinations