RENAL:Misc

Question 2

What metabolic abnormality does alcohol poisoning cause?

Answer 2

Raised anion gap metabolic acidosis

Question 3

What metabolic abnormality Renal tubular acidosis cause?

Answer 3

Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis

Question 4

What metabolic abnormality does renal failure cause?

Answer 4

Raised anion gap metabolic acidosis

Question 5

Drugs that cause acute interstitial nephritis?

Answer 5

Penicillin
Rifampicin
NSAIDS
Allopurinol
furosemide

Question 6

What is Osteitis Fibrosa?
1. give the features
2. Give symptoms

Answer 6

Features:
* loss of bone mass
* weakening of bones and calcified structures - this is replaced with fibrous tissue (peritrabecular fibrosis)
* formation of small cyst-like brown tumours

Symptoms:
* Bone pain
* tenderness
* fractures
* skeletal deformities

Question 7

What causes Osteotits fibrosa cystica?

Answer 7

Cause: Unchecked hyperparathyroidism
* overproduction of PTH
* PTH causes Ca release from bones - blood - reabsorption of calcium in kidney
* this results in hypercalcaemia

Question 8

What conditions might lead a pt to develop hyperparathyroidism and therefore develop a complication such as Osteitis fibrosa cystica ?

Answer 8

• Parathyroid adenoma (majority)
• Genetics -( i.e. familiar hyperarathyroidsim, MEN type 1)
• Parathyroid carcinoma
• Renal - End stage renal disease