PSA fluids Flashcards
How much Na+ in 1L of 0.9% sodium chloride?
150mmol
(i.e. 150mmol/L)
How much K in KCl 0.3% 1000ml?
i.e 1L
40mmol K
How much K in KCl 0.15% 1000ml?
i.e 1L
20mmol K
How much glucose in 5% 1000ml
i.e. 1L
50g glucose
Note: Can also work this out if can’t remember
–> glucose 5% in 1000ml = 5% of 100ml = 5g
–> x by 10 to get 1000ml = 50g.
can also do 0.05 x 1000 (percentage glucose x volume) = 50g
In fluid prescribing, what are requirements of water, Na and K, and glucose? :
- ?ml/kg/24hr water
- ?mmol/kg/24hr Na and K
- ?g/24hr glucose
- 25-30ml/kg/24hr of water
- 1mmol/kg/24hr of Na and K
- 50-100g/24hr of glucose
What is maximum rate of K per hour?
10mmol/hr
so if need to give 40mmol K - minimum time to do this over would be 4 hours.
40mmol / 10 = 4 hrs
For fluid maintenance only, what volume should you aim to give over 8-12 hrs?
aim for 1000ml over 8-12 hrs
(rate would be 83 ml - 125 ml / hr)
For fluid maintenance and replacement, what volume should you aim to give over 4-6 hrs?
aim for 1000ml over 4-6 hours.
What is your prescription for emergency resuscitation fluids?
Sodium chloride 0.9% 500ml over 15 mins
(250ml if elderly)
What is your fluid prescription for emergency hypoglycaemia?
glucose 20% 100ml over 15mins
What is your fluid prescription for emergency hypokalaemia?
sodium chloride 0.9% potassium chloride 0.3% 1000ml over 4hrs
What is your fluid prescription for emergency hypercalcaemia?
sodium chloride 0.9% 1000ml over 4hrs
What is your fluid prescription for maintenance fluids without deficits or losses?
maintenance fluids only
* 25-30ml/kg/24hrs water
* 1mmol/kg/24hr Na and K
* 50-100g/24hr glucose
Aim for 1000ml over 8-12 hrs
What is your fluid prescription for maintenance fluids with deficits or losses? e.g. Na or K low, vomiting, diarrhoea
need maintenance and replacement
- minimum 30ml/kg/24hrs water
- ensure electrolytes are replaced
- aim for 1000ml over 4-6hrs.
