Renal, Penile and Testicular Cancer Flashcards
(48 cards)
what mnemonic should be used when learning the pathology of a disease
in a surgeon’s gown a physician may make some progress
incidence age sex geographic aetiology predisposing factors macroscopic appearance microscopic appearance spread prognosis
what type of cancer affects the renal pelvis?
transition cell carcinoma
what imaging is best to differentiate a cyst from a solid mass?
USS
what imaging is best to differentiate a tumour from a haemorrhage?
MRI
Ix for benign renal cysts?
USS
contrast CT if concerned
Ix of angiomyolipoma?
CT
main complication of angiomyolipoma?
haemorrhage
an oncocytoma is a benign cancer T or F
T
what tumour presents with a central scar on CT?
oncocytoma
which benign renal tumour is the hardest to diagnose?
oncocytoma
classic triad of renal cell carcinoma?
loin pain
mass
haematuria
what paraneoplastic symptoms will patients with RCC present with?
weight loss
anaemia
hypertension
hypercalcaemia
why do patients with RCC present with loin pain?
necrosis of fat
bleeding into collecting system (clots in ureter)
why do you get hypercalcaemia in RCC?
make parathyroid peptide as these tumours are VERY metabolically active
RCC is a tumour of the ___
epithelium
young patient presents with multiple cysts and benign tumours….
von hippel lindau
inheritance of VHL?
autosomal dominant
if a young person presents with bilateral RCC what are they likely to have as well?
von hippel lindau syndrome
Ix of RCC?
USS
CT contrast
renal biopsy
Tx of RCC?
radical nephrectomy (adrenals spared)
partial nephrectomy
ablation
should you take out the adrenal gland in a nephrectomy?
no
main aim of a partial nephrectomy?
spare the nephron
a small renal mass is under _cm
4
Ix for a small renal mass?
renal biopsy - benign/malignant
