Reproductive Systems And Eye

Question 1

Seminal Vesicle secretions contain: (3)

Answer 1

Fructose, Prostaglandins, and Fibrinogen

Question 2

Leydig Cells are associated with which hormone

Answer 2

Lutenizing Hormone

Question 3

Sertoli Cells are associated with which hormone?

Answer 3

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

Question 4

T/F
Fructose sugar, an energy source for the sperm is produced by the bulbourethral glands.

Answer 4

False
Fructose is produced by the seminal vesicle

Question 5

T/F
Spermatozoa gave the ability to follow chemotaxis factors in the Epididymis.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

T/F
Sertoli cells can phagocytose dead/imperfect/unsuccessful spermatogenic cells.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

T/F
Sperm are stored in the vas deferens until ejaculated.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

T/F
During spermiogenesis, the spermatid condenses but retains a lot of its lysosomes.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

T/F
Testicular function is under the regulation of hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal axis.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

T/F
Under the effect of FSH, the Sertoli cells produce androgen/testosterone binding protein.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

T/F
Fibrinogen in the semen causes it to turn viscous, thus protecting the spermatozoa.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

T/F
Smooth muscle surrounding the seminiferous tubule assist in transporting the semen to the rete testis.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

T/F
Testosterone is produced by the Sertoli cells on the interstitium

Answer 13

False
Sertoli cells produce Inhibin
Leydig cells produce testosterone

Question 14

T/F
Within the male reproductive tract, stereocilia project from cells lining the seminiferous tubule.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

T/F
Corpus spongiosum surround the penile urethra.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

T/F
Like testosterone, inhibin can also up regulate spermatogenesis.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

T/F
Most of the semen volume is secreted by the seminal vesicles.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

T/F
Spermatogenic epithelium is the site for spermatogenesis.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

T/F
Efferent ductules carry fully matured sperms that are then passed on the reti testis.

Answer 19

False; epididymus

Question 20

T/F
Pale ape A spermatogonia are reserved cells that are only needed when dark type B cells are depleted.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

T/F
Concretions are found in the prostate gland and increase with age.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Which of the following accurately describes spermatogenesis?
A. Results in the formation of primary spermatocytes
B. Occurs before puberty
C. Occurs in diploid cells
D. Involves differentiation of early spermatid cell structure.

Answer 22

D. Involves differentiation of early spermatid cell structure.

Question 23

Hyposecretion of FSH in males is most likely to cause which condition?
A. Low serum testosterone levels
B. High levels of inhibin
C. Low sperm count
D. No symptoms, since there are no ovarian follicles.

Answer 23

C. Low sperm count

Question 24

Which organ is normally characterized by the accumulation of concretions with increasing age?

Answer 24

Prostate

Question 25

Stereocilia project from cells lining what region?

Answer 25

Epididymis

Question 26

Which of the following adds a nutritive, fructose-rich secretion to the semen? A. Leydig cells B. Bulbourethral glands C. prostate land D. Seminal vesicles

Answer 26

D. Seminal vesicles

Question 27

Name the cell that is found in the interstitium, has lipid vesicles and produces testosterone.

Answer 27

Leydig Cell

Question 28

Inhibin is secreted by _________ cells when the sperm count is high.

Answer 28

Sertoli Cells

Question 29

Name the gland with 3 concentric layers of glands that make up 30% of semen volume. A. Bulbourethral gland B. Prostate gland C. seminal Vesicle D. Corpus cavernous

Answer 29

B. Prostate gland

Question 30

What are the two protective layers that cover the testis externally.

Answer 30

Tunica vaginalis Tunica albuginea

Question 31

How many seminiferous tubules are found per testis lobe?

Answer 31

1-3

Question 32

What is the length of an individual seminiferous tubule?

Answer 32

30-80 cm

Question 33

What type of cells are found in the epithelium of seminiferous tubules?

Answer 33

Spermatagenic cells and Sertoli cells.

Question 34

What are the 4 stages of spermiogenesis? (ACDC)

Answer 34

1. Formation of Acrosome 2. Condensation and elongation of nucleus 3. Development of Flagellum 4. Loss of excess cytoplasm

Question 35

What are the 4 functions of a Sertoli cells?

Answer 35

1. Support spermatogenesis 2. Production of Growth Factors 3. Synthesis & secretion of proteins and enzymes. 4. Phagocytosis

Question 36

List the 6 cells found in the interstitium.

Answer 36

1. Leydig cells 2. Peritubular hyoid cells 3. macrophages 4. fibroblasts 5. mast cells 6. mesenchymal cells

Question 37

What is the function of Leydig Cells?

Answer 37

Synthesize and secrete testosterone

Question 38

What is the function of peritubular myoid cells.

Answer 38

Cause peristaltic waves of contraction that assist in secreting the spermatozoa into ducts.

Question 39

What are the 3 types of ducts in the MRS?

Answer 39

Efferent ductules, Epididymus, & Vas Deferens

Question 40

What type of epithelium is found in the epididymis?

Answer 40

Pseudostratified epithelium

Question 41

What types of cells will you find in the epithelium of the epididymis?

Answer 41

Columnar principle cells Basal (stem) cells

Question 42

The Vas Deferens has a 3 layer arrangement of muscular... what are the 3 layers?

Answer 42

1. Inner longitudinal smooth mm. 2. Circular smooth mm. 3. Outer longitudinal smooth mm.

Question 43

What does the prostate gland secrete?

Answer 43

Zinc Citric acid prostaglandins proteolytic enzymes

Question 44

What does the seminal vesicle secrete?

Answer 44

Fructose Prostoglandins Fibrinogen

Question 45

What does the Bulbourethral gland secrete?

Answer 45

Mucus to lubricate urethra

Question 46

Which of the following is not part of the placental barrier? A. Endothelium B. Mesenchyme C. Amnion D. Synctiotrophoblast

Answer 46

C. Amnion

Question 47

Name the dense connective tissue layer that covers the ovary on the outside: A. Surface Epithelium B. Tunica Vaginalis C. Cytotrophoblast D. Tunica Albuginea

Answer 47

D. Tunica Albuginea

Question 48

Which of the following is not classified as a preantral follicle? A. Graafian follicle B. Primordial follicle C. Primary unilmainar follicle D. Primary multilaminar follicle

Answer 48

A. Graafian follicle

Question 49

The vaginal microbiota converts _______ into ________, thus protecting against pathogens. A. Fructose into lactic acid B. Glycogen into lactic acid C. Milk into lactic acid D. Mucus into lactic acid

Answer 49

B. Glycogen into lactic acid

Question 50

______ cells of the follicle contain lipid filled vacuoles: A. Theca externa B. Granulosa cells C. Theca interna D. Cumulus oophorus

Answer 50

C. Theca interna

Question 51

Which glycoproteins function as sperm receptors? A. ZP1 and ZP2 B. ZP2 and ZP3 C. ZP3 and ZP4 D. ZP4 and ZP5

Answer 51

C. ZP3 and ZP4

Question 52

Which feature is characteristic of the endometrium’s stratum basalis? A. Made of uterine surface epithelium B. Contains cells that renew stratum functionalis C. Undergoes cyclic thickening and shedding D. Relies on spiral arteries for its blood supply

Answer 52

B. Contains cells that renew stratum functionalis

Question 53

Name the hormone important for the maturation of stratum functionalis? A. Lutenizing hormone B. Estrogen C. Progesterone D. Human chorionic gonadotrophin

Answer 53

C. Progesterone

Question 54

The release of cortical granules from the oocyte causes _______ to become impermeable: A. Decidua basalis B. Corona radiata C. Cytotrophoblast D. Zona pellucida

Answer 54

D. Zona pellucida

Question 55

Another name for the mesenchyme of the umbilical cord

Answer 55

Whartons Jelly

Question 56

Path of blood supply to the uterus

Answer 56

Arcuate arteries-Radial Arteries-Straight arteries (Str. Basalis)/Spiral arteries (Str. Functionalis)

Question 57

Zones of the endometrium of the uterus

Answer 57

Stratum Functionalis and Stratum Basalis

Question 58

Walls of the uterus

Answer 58

Endometrium, Myometrium and Perimetrium

Question 59

2 types of cells in the fallopian tube

Answer 59

Ciliated Cells and Secretory Peg Cells

Question 60

Parts of the Fallopian tube

Answer 60

Infundibulum, Ampulla, isthmus, uterine portion

Question 61

What bacterial cells interact with the vagina and convert glycogen to lactic acid, dropping the pH in the vagina?

Answer 61

Doderlein bacteria

Question 62

Fimbriae are a part of the oviduct infundibulum

Answer 62

True

Question 63

Oviduct can undergo changes in length under the effect of steroid hormones

Answer 63

True

Question 64

ZP3 and ZP4 also function as sperm receptors

Answer 64

True

Question 65

Zona Pellucida is secreted by the theca layers

Answer 65

False

Question 66

Doderlein bacteria are found on the vaginal muscosa that protect it from bacterial infections

Answer 66

True

Question 67

Primordial and primary follicles are both types of antral follicles

Answer 67

False

Question 68

Corpus luteum is formed after ovulation

Answer 68

True

Question 69

Oocytes originate from the germinal epithelium of the ovary

Answer 69

False

Question 70

Umbilical mesenchyme is called as Wharton’s Jelly

Answer 70

True

Question 71

Ovarian oocytes are all lined up in the ovarian cortex tissue

Answer 71

True

Question 72

Some oocytes will degenerate before they will ever be part of a Graafian follicle

Answer 72

True

Question 73

Smooth muscles of the uterus are capable of responding sex hormones unlike other smooth muscles of the body

Answer 73

True

Question 74

The junction of the uterus and the cervix is called the Exocervix

Answer 74

False, junction of the cervix and vagina

Question 75

Corpus luteum is a scar tissue left after ovulation

Answer 75

False; Corpus Albicans

Question 76

A primary oocyte remains in Meiosis I if it never gets fertilized

Answer 76

False

Question 77

Lactiferous lobules of the mammary glands carry out apocrine secretion

Answer 77

True

Question 78

Stratum functionalis has a regenerative role in the Endometrium

Answer 78

False

Question 79

Acid secretions of the cervical glands control bacterial growth in the vagina

Answer 79

False

Question 80

Fluid in the anterior portion of the eye

Answer 80

Aqueous humor

Question 81

Fluid in the posterior portion of the eye

Answer 81

Vitreous humor

Question 82

Fibrous layer of the eye

Answer 82

Sclera and cornea

Question 83

Function of the sclera

Answer 83

Supports eye shape, protect against trauma and attachment of muscles

Question 84

Basement Membranes in the cornea

Answer 84

Bowman’s (ext)/Descemets (int)

Question 85

Vascular layer of the eye

Answer 85

Choroid, cillary body, iris

Question 86

Function of the CCL

Answer 86

Supplies retina with essential nutrients

Question 87

Histological structures of cillary body

Answer 87

Cillary muscle, cillary processes and cillary zonule

Question 88

Function of cillary processes

Answer 88

Secretion of aqueous humor

Question 89

Muscles of the iris

Answer 89

-dilator pupillae muscle -sphincter pupillae muscle

Question 90

What is the cornea made of

Answer 90

Collagen Type I

Question 91

What is the rod to cone ratio

Answer 91

6:1

Question 92

What are rod cells called

Answer 92

Rhodopsin

Question 93

What are cone cells called

Answer 93

Photopsin

Question 94

What are photoreceptor cells derived from

Answer 94

Vitamin A + opsin protein

Question 95

What is the lens capsule made of

Answer 95

Type 4 collagen + proteoglycans

Question 96

What is the lens epithelium made of

Answer 96

Cuboidal epithelium

Question 97

What protein accumulates in abundance in the lens

Answer 97

Crystalline protein

Question 98

Function of tarsal glands

Answer 98

Line/protect eyeball to retain moisture