Respiration

Question 1

What is glycolysis (broad)
and where?

Answer 1

The first step of respiration for both aerobic and anaerobic respiration is the formation of pyruvate
-In the cytoplasm

Question 2

Explain the process of glycolysis

Answer 2

-Phosphorylation- When 6-c glucose enters the cytoplasm an enzyme +s 2 phosphate groups making HEXOSE BISPHOSPHATE
-Hexose bisphosphate is broken down into 2 molecules of TRIOSE PHOSPHATE
-2 Triose phosphates are oxidised into 2 molecules PYRUVATE (3-C)

Question 3

Where does the Link reaction occur?

Answer 3

In the matrix of the mitochondria

Question 4

What happens in the link reaction? (2)

Answer 4

Pyruvate dioes decarboxylation and looses CO2 becoming ACETATE
CoA + Acetate = ACETYL-CoA

Question 5

Does the Link reaction produce ATP?

Answer 5

HELL NO

Question 6

Please explain what happens in the Kreb cycle (4)

Answer 6

1) Aco(2-c) + Oxaloacetate[4-c] = Citrate (6-c)
2) Citrate looses CO2 twice and makes 3NADH but is now 4-C
3)The 4-C gets produces ATP and from the H’s Citrate loss forms FADH2
4) all that causes the regen of Oxaloacetate

Question 7

What are the products of the Kreb cycle? (4)

Answer 7

3 NADH
1 FADH₂
1 ATP
2 CO₂

Question 8

Please explain the process of oxidative phosphorylation?
(4)
hints: NADH/FADH, pump it up, pull it down hesi, splash

Answer 8

1)E- from NADH and FADH2 are passed through the E- transfer chain and as they move through the chain energy is released
2) This energy is used to pump protons out the matrix to establish a downwards proton gradient
3)Protons move back into the matrix via ATP Synthase (via chemiosmosis), giving energy for ADP + Pi = ATP
4) At the end of the electron transfer chain Oxygen is the final E- acceptor and O2+H+ = H2O

Question 9

What are the products of oxidative phosphorylation?(2)

Answer 9

30ish ATP molecules per glucose
and water

Question 10

Explain ANEROBIC respiration in animals and its cycles of NADH (2)
- starts w triose

Answer 10

• When triosephosphate turns into pyruvate it looses and H that goes to NAD+H=NADH
• Pyruvate is reduced to LACTATE and NADH is oxidised to NAD so be used for triosephosphate again

Question 11

Explain ANEROBIC respiration in plants and its cycles of NADH (2)
- starts w triose

Answer 11

Triosephosphate turns pyruvate lost H+ goes to NAD so NADH
Pyruvte is reduced to ETHANOL AND CO2 and NADH is reduced to NAD to be recycled