RESPIRATORY Flashcards by KENITH V. LAGO

what is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere, blood & cells

Respiration

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3 processes required for respiration

Ventilation
pulmonary respiration
internal respiration

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the cardiovascular system helps respiratory system by

transporting gases

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parts of upper respiratory system

Nose
Pharynx
Larynx

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parts of lower respiratory system

Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs - alveoli

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2 zones of respiratory system

Conducting & respiratory zones

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involves warming of air, filtering & humidifying air

Conducting zones

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involves in exchange of gases

Respiratory zones

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organ parts of conducting zones

trachea
bronchi
bronchioles

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organ parts of respiratory zones

respiratory bronchioles (smallest airway)
alveolar ducts (connects bronchioles to sacs)
alveolar sacs (gas exchanges)

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there is exchange of gases in the upper respiratory system. (T/F)

FALSE. It only occurs in the lower respiratory system

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Which lung is larger, higher & has 3 lobes

R. Lung

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which lung has a notch for the heart

L. lung

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which bronchi is wider, shorter & vertical

R. bronchi

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prevents entry of food in the throat

epiglottis

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what part of the lungs in where the exchange of gasses occur

Alveoli

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Where does the air enter through the nose?

nostrils

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filter & humidify air

Nasal Conchae

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Surface anatomy of nose

Root
Bridge
Apex
External naris

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increases air turbulence within the nasal cavity

conchae

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Paranasal sinuses bones

Frontal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Maxillary

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they lighten skull ; resonance chambers for speech; produce mucus

Sinuses

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3 regions of pharynx

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

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common passageways for air and food

Oropharynx & Laryngopharynx

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detect pathogens

palatine tonsils

routes air & food into proper channels ; role in speech

Larynx

larynx is made out of

8 hyaline cartilage

vibrate to produce sound

vocal folds

routes food to larynx & air toward trachea

epiglottis

largest hyaline cartilage

Thyroid cartilage

the trachea is lined with

ciliated mucosa

R. bronchi

primary bronchi

bronchi that is in the end of the conducting zone

terminal bronchioles

Coverings of the lungs

Visceral pleura parietal pleura pleural fluid

covers lung surface

visceral pleura

lines the walls of the thoracic cavity

parietal pleura

fills area between layers of pleura to allow gliding

pleural fluid

the apex of the lungs is near the clavicle. (t/f)

True

smallest branches of the bronchi

bronchioles

2 types of alveolar cells

type 1 & type 2

thin squamous epithelial layer lining alveolar walls

respiratory membrane

covers external surfaces of alveoli

pulmonary capillaries

diverts blood from poorly ventilated areas to well ventilated areas

Vasoconstriction

through what way do gas cross the respiratory membrane?

diffusion

in gas exchange, the oxygen enters the?

blood

in gas exchange, the carbon dioxide enters the?

alveoli

which coats the gas-exposed alveolar surfaces

Surfactant

it is the moving of air in and out of the lungs

Pulmonary ventilation

it is the gas exchange between pulmonary blood & alveoli

External respiration

the gas exchange between blood & tissue cells in systemic capillaries

Internal respiration

the transport of oxygen & carbon dioxide via the bloodstream

Respiratory gas transport

2 phases of breathing / pulmonary ventilation

Inspiration Expiration

during inspiration, the size of the thoracic cavity ____

increases

during inspiration, the diaphragm & intercostal muscles___

contract

a passive process that depends on natural lung elasticity

Exhalation

during what process in which the ribs are depressed as external intercostals relax ; diaphragm

Expiration

what process in which the diaphragm moves superiorly as it relaxes

Expiration

normal pressure within the pleural space is always__

negative

normal breathing moves about ___ml of air

500ml

after exhalation, about ___ml of air remains in the lungs

1200

amount of air forcibly inhaled

Inspiratory reserve volume

amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled

Expiratory reserve volume

air remaining in lung after expiration

Residual volume

total amount of exchangeable air

Vital capacity

in transporting of oxygen of blood, 98.5% of it is carried by___

hemoglobin

70% of Co2 is transported as

bicarbonate ions

alveoli enlarges; chronic inflammation; airways collapse in expiration ; overinflation

emphysema

chronic bronchitis ; major cause of death & disability

COPD / Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

chronic inflamed hypersensitive passage ; cough & wheezing

Asthma

RESPIRATORY Flashcards

(69 cards)