Skin and Body membranes

Question 1

2 layers of cutaneous membranes

Answer 1

Epidermis & dermis

Question 2

lines all body cavities that open to the exterior such as organs of respiratory, digestive, urinary (hollow)

Answer 2

Mucous membranes

Question 3

covers the outside of the organs in the cavity

Answer 3

Visceral

Question 4

lines abdominal cavity

Answer 4

peritoneum

Question 4

membranes around the lungs

Answer 4

pleurae

Question 4

allows organs to slide easily across the cavity walls without friction

Answer 4

serous fluid

Question 5

membranes around the heart

Answer 5

pericardia

Question 6

membranes that lines fibrous capsules surrounding joints :secretes fluid

Answer 6

Synovial membranes

Question 7

composed of loose areolar connective tissue w no epithelial cells

Answer 7

Synovial membrane

Question 8

these are secreted when we sweat

Answer 8

urea, salts, & water

Question 9

anchors the skin to underlying organs & provides site for nutrient storage : adipose fat

Answer 9

subcutaneous or hypodermis

Question 10

makes epidermis a tough protective layer

Answer 10

keratin

Question 11

is epidermis vascular or avascular?

Answer 11

avascular

Question 12

The multiple layers of EPIDERMIS:

Answer 12

stratum basale, granulosum, spinosum, lucidum & corneum

Question 13

deepest layer of epidermis

Answer 13

Stratum basale

Question 14

this is where nutrients diffused from dermis reach first

Answer 14

Stratum basale

Question 15

this layer only occurs where skin is hairless & extra thick

Answer 15

Stratum lucidum

Question 16

account for three quarters of the epidermal thickness ; outermost layer

Answer 16

Stratum corneum

Question 17

dead stratum corneum :flaked and rubbed

Answer 17

dandruff

Question 18

pigment changes ranges from yellow to black

Answer 18

Melanin

Question 19

alert and activate immune system cells to a threat such as bacterial or viral invasion

Answer 19

epidermal dendritic cells

Question 20

associated with sensory nerve endings ; touch receptors

Answer 20

Merkel cells

Question 21

connective tissue making up the dermis

Answer 21

papillary layer & reticular layer

Question 22

superficial dermal region

Answer 22

Papillary layer

Question 23

peglike projections ; increase friction and enhance gripping ability of fingers and feet

Answer 23

Dermal papillae

Question 23

deepest skin layer ; contains, blood vessels, sweats and oil glands

Answer 23

reticular layer

Question 24

tiny sensors that includes touch, pressure, temperature and pain receptors

Answer 24

cutaneous sensory receptors

Question 25

responsible for the toughness of dermis

Answer 25

collagen fibers

Question 26

give skin elasticity when we are young

Answer 26

Elastic fibers

Question 27

pigment in red blood cells

Answer 27

hemoglobin

Question 28

pigments that contribute to skin color

Answer 28

melanin, carotene & hemoglobin

Question 29

when light skinned people appear blue ; common during heart failur

Answer 29

cyanosis

Question 30

indicate, embarrassment, fever, hypertension, inflammation or allergy

Answer 30

Redness

Question 31

indicate emotional stress : fear, anger , anemia low blood pressure

Answer 31

pallor/blanching

Question 32

indicates liver disorder ; yellow

Answer 32

jaundice

Question 33

black and blue marks ; where blood has escaped ; deficiency of vitamin c

Answer 33

bruises

Question 34

oil glands

Answer 34

sebaceous glands

Question 34

exocrine glands fall into 2 groups

Answer 34

sebaceous & sweat glands

Question 35

keep skin moist and smooth prevents hair brittle

Answer 35

sebum

Question 36

blocked sebaceous glands by sebum results into

Answer 36

acne

Question 37

numerous sweat found all over body : heat regulating equipment

Answer 37

eccrine glands

Question 37

2 types of sweat glands

Answer 37

eccrine & apocrine

Question 38

found in armpits and genital areas ; secretes fatty acids and proteins

Answer 38

apocrine glands

Question 39

most heavily keratinized region ; provides strength

Answer 39

cuticle

Question 40

thick proximal nail fold

Answer 40

cuticle

Question 41

responsible for nail growth

Answer 41

nail matrix

Question 42

most common skin disorders are infections with

Answer 42

pathogens

Question 43

itchy, red, peeling condition between toes

Answer 43

athletes foot

Question 44

inflammation of hair follicles ; dorsal neck

Answer 44

boils & carbuncles

Question 45

occur around lips and mucosa of mouth and nose ; itch and sting caused by herpes

Answer 45

Cold sores

Question 46

itching, redness, swelling of skin ; caused by exposure of skin to chemicals

Answer 46

Contact dermatitis

Question 46

develop yellow crust, rupture and weep fluid ; common in elementary school aged children.

Answer 46

Impetigo

Question 47

itch, burn, crack & bleeds ; autoimmune disorder, immune system attacks its own tissues; triggered by trauma, infection or hormonal changes

Answer 47

Psoriasis

Question 48

superficial epidermis is damaged; heals in 2-3 days

Answer 48

first degree burns

Question 49

injury to epidermis and superficial epidermis

Answer 49

2nd degree burns

Question 50

destroy both epidermis & dermis. ; nerve endings are destroyed ; needs skin grafting

Answer 50

Third degree burns

Question 51

burn or injury extend in bones, muscle or tendons

Answer 51

4th degree burns

Question 52

3 most common skin cancers

Answer 52

Basal cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma & malignant melanoma

Question 52

scaly, reddened papules; appears most on scalp, ears, back of hands (cancer)

Answer 52

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 52

least malignant & most common skin cancer

Answer 52

Basal cell carcinoma

Question 53

Cancer of melanocytes ; arises from accumulated DNA damage in skin cell ;spreads brown to black

Answer 53

Malignant Melanoma