Respiratory: Symptomatic & Diagnostic Terms Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
breathing
A
-pnea
2
Q
normal breathing
A
eupnea
3
Q
slow breathing
A
bradypnea
4
Q
fast breathing
A
Tachypnea
5
Q
Shallow breathing
A
Hypopnea
6
Q
Deep breathing
A
Hyperpnea
7
Q
Difficulty breathing
A
Dyspnea
8
Q
Inability to breath
A
Apnea
9
Q
Ability to breath only in an upright position
A
Orthopnea
10
Q
pattern of breathing characterized by a gradual increase of depth and sometimes rate to a maximum level, followed by a decrease, resulting in apnea
A
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
11
Q
popping sounds heard on auscultation of the lung when air enters diseased airways and alveoli- occurs in disorders such as bronchiecstasis and atelectasis
A
Crackles
12
Q
popping sounds heard on auscultation of the lung when air enters diseased airways and alveoli- occurs in disorders such as bronchiecstasis and atelectasis
A
Rales
13
Q
high-pitched, musical sounds heard on auscultation of the lung when air flows through a narrowed airway- occurs in disorders like emphysema and asthma
A
Wheezes
14
Q
high-pitched, musical sounds heard on auscultation of the lung when air flows through a narrowed airway- occurs in disorders like emphysema and asthma
A
Rhonchi
15
Q
a high-pitched crowing sound that is a sign of obstruction in the upper airway
A
Stridor
16
Q
Degeneration and death of tissue with a cheese like appearance
A
Causeous necrosis
17
Q
hoarseness
A
Dysphonia
18
Q
Nosebleed (stazo=to drip)
A
Epistaxis
19
Q
Coughing up and spitting out of material from the lungs
A
Expectoration
20
Q
Material expelled from the lungs by coughing
A
Sputum
21
Q
Coughing up and spitting out blood originating in the lungs
A
Hemoptysis
22
Q
To spit
A
ptysis
23
Q
Excessive level of carbon dioxide in the blood
A
Hypercapnia
24
Q
smoke
A
capno
25
Excessive level of carbon dioxide in the lungs
Hypercarbia
26
excessive movement of air in and out of the lungs causing hypocapnia (low level CO2)
Hyperventilation
27
deficient movement of air in and out of the lungs causing hypercapnia
Hypoventilation
28
Deficient amount of oxygen in the blood
Hypoxemia
29
Deficient amount of oxygen in the tissue cells
Hypoxia
30
Condition blocking the flow of air moving out of the lungs (decreased complience)
Obstructive lung disorder
31
Condition limiting the intake of air into the lungs (earlier dynamic broncial compression)
Restrictive lung disorder
32
fluid filling of the spaces around the alveoli, eventually flooding into the alveoli
Pulmonary Edema
33
density on an x-ray representing solid material within the air spaces of the lungs, usually indicating inflammatory changes
Pulmonary Infiltrate
34
thin, watery discharges from the nose
Rhinorrhea
35
panting; obstructive pulmonary disease caused by a spasm of the bronchial tubes by swelling of their mucous membranes, characterized by paroxysmal (sudden, periodic) attacks of wheezing, dyspnea, and cough
Asthma
36
Collapse of lung tissue (alveoli)
Atelectasis
37
Abnormal dilation of the bronchi with accumulation of mucus
Bronchiectasis
38
Inflammation of the bronchi
Bronchitis
39
Lung cancer
Bronchogenic carcinoma
40
constriction of the bronchi caused by spasm of the peribronchial smooth muscle
Bronchospasm
41
obstructive pulmonary disease characterized by over expansion of the alveoli with air, with destructive changes in their walls resulting in loss of lung elasticity and gas exchange
Emphysema
42
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
| - permanent, destructive pulmonary disorder that is a combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema
COPD
43
inherited condition of exocrine gland malfunction causing secretion of abnormally thick, viscous mucus that obstructs passageways within the body, commonly affecting the lungs and digestive tract; mucus that obstructs the airways leads to infection, inflammation, and lung tissue damage
Cystic Fibrosis
44
Inflammation of the larynx
Laryngitis
45
- LTB, AKA croup
- inflammation of the upper airways with swelling that creates a funnel-shaped elongation of the tissue causing a distinct "seal bark" cough
Laryngotracheobronchitis
46
spasm of the laryngeal muscles causing constriction
Laryngospasm
47
presence of numerous polyps in the nose (polyp=tumor on a stalk)
Nasal polyposis
48
Inflammation of the pharynx
Pharyngitis
49
accumulation of fluid within the pleural cavity
Pleural Effusion
50
Accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity
Empyema
51
Accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity
Pyothorax
52
Accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity
Hemothorax
53
Inflammation of the pleura
Pleuritis
54
Inflammation of the pleura
Pleurisy
55
chronic restrictive pulmonary disease resulting from prolonged inhalation of fine dusts such as coal, asbestos, or silicone
Pneumoconiosis
56
inflammation of the lung caused by infection from virus, bacteria, fungi, or parasites, or resulting from aspiration of chemicals
Pneumonia
57
pneumonia caused by the pneumocystis carinii organism- a common opportunistic infection seen in those with positive human immunodeficiency virus
pneumocystis pneumonia
58
air in the pleural cavity caused by a puncture of the lung or chest wall
Pneumothorax
59
inflammation of the lung often caused by hypersensitivity to chemicals or dusts
Pneumonitis
60
PE
- pulmonary embolism
| - occlusion in the pulmonary circulation, most often caused by a blood clot
61
TB
- pulmonary tuberculosis
- disease caused by the presence of mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lungs characterized by the formation of tubercles, inflammation, and necrotizing lesions
62
inflammation of the sinuses
Sinusitis
63
periods of breathing cessation (10 seconds or more) that occur during sleep, often causing snoring
Sleep Apnea
64
acute or chronic inflammation of the tonsils
Tonsillitis
65
URI
- upper respiratory infection
| - infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract involving the nasal passages, pharynx , and bronchi
66
ABG
arterial blood gases
| -analysis of arterial blood to determine the adequacy of lung function in the exchange of gas
67
pH
a measure of blood alkalinity or acidity
68
PaO2
partial pressure of oxygen measuring the amount of oxygen in the blood
69
PaCO2
partial pressure of carbon dioxide measuring the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood
70
examination of the body cavity with a flexible endoscope to examine within for diagnostic purposes
Endoscopy
71
use of a flexible endoscope , called a bronchoscope to examine the airways
Bronchoscopy
72
use of a flexible endoscope to examine the nasal passages and the pharynx to diagnose structural abnormalities such as obstruction, growths, or cancer
Nasopharyngoscopy
73
removal of a small piece of lung tissue for pathological examination
Lung Biopsy
74
two-part nuclear scan of the lungs to detect abnormalities of perfusion or ventilation, AKA V/Q scan
Lung Scan
75
made as the patient breathes radioactive material into the airways
Ventilation Scan
76
made after radioactive materials are injected into the blood and circulated to the lungs
Perfusion Scan
77
nonionizing image of the lung to visualize lung lesions
Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI)
78
PSG
- polysomnography
| - recording of various aspects of sleep for diagnosis of sleep disorders
79
to listen; physical examination method of listening to the sounds within the body with the aid of a stethoscope, such as auscultation of the chest for heart and lung sounds
Auscultation
80
physical examination method of tapping over the body to elicit vibrations and sounds to estimate the size, border, or fluid content of a cavity such as the chest
Percussion
81
PFT
- pulmonary function test
| - direct and indirect measurements of lung volume and capacities
82
portion of pulmonary function testing that is a direct measurement of lung volume and capacity
Spirometry
83
amount of air exhaled after a normal inspiration
Tital volume
84
amount of air exhaled after maximum inspiration
Vital capacity
85
- aka peak expiratory flow (PEFR)
| - measure of the fastest flow exhaled after a maximum inspiration
Peak flow
86
noninvasive method of estimating the percentage of oxygen saturation in the blood using an oximeter with a specialized probe attached to the skin at a site of atrial pulsation, commonly the finger
Pulse Oximetry
87
x-ray imaging
Radiology
88
CXR
- chest x-ray
| - x-ray image of he chest to visualize the lungs
89
computed x-ray imaging of the head is used to visualize the structures of the nose and sinuses of the thorax is used to detect lesions in the lungs
Computed Topography
90
x-ray of the blood vessels of the lungs after injection of contrast materials
Pulmonary Angiography
91
excision of the adenoids
Adenoidectomy
92
removal of a lobe of the lung
Lobectomy
93
removal of a nasal polyp
Nasal Polypectomy
94
removal of an entire lung
Pneumonectomy
95
puncture for an aspiration of the chest
Thoracentesis
96
repair of the chest involving fixation of the ribs
Thoracoplasty
97
endoscopic examination of the pleural cavity using a thoracoscope
Troracoscopy
98
Creation of an opening in the chest usually for the insertion of a tube
Thoracostomy
99
Incision into the chest
Thoracotomy
100
excision of the palatine tonsils
Tonsillectomy
101
T&A
- tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
| - excision of the tonsils and adenoids
102
creation of an opening in the trachea, most often to insert a tube
Tracheostomy
103
incision into the trachea
Tracheotomy
104
- cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- method of artificial respiration and closed chest massage used to restore breathing and cardiac output after cardiac arrest
CPR
105
CPAP
- continuous positive airway pressure
- device that pumps a constant pressurized flow of air through the nasal passages, commonly used during sleep to prevent airway closure in sleep apnea
