Which micro organism causes Strep throat
Strep Pyogens
What is the mode of transmission of Strep throat
Respiratory droplets
What might a strep throat infection caused by strep pyrogens lead to
Scarlet fever
rheymatic fever
glomerulonephritis
What is the number one cause of Pharyngitis
Strep throat
What age group is the most common for strep throat infection
5-15
What causes Scarlet fever
Strep pyogens
What is a tell all symptom of scarlet fever
Strawberry tongue
How is scarlet fever transmitted
Respiratory droplets
What is another name for scarlet fever
Scarletina
What causes Diphtheria
Corynebacterium Diphtheria
How is Diphtheria transmitted
Person to person
Respiratory droplets
Skin contact
What disease has a characteristic Palisade arrangement
Diphtheria
What skin test is used to test for Diphtheria
Schick test
What bacteria is most likely to cause Sinusitis
Moraxella catarrhalis
What is the most likely mode of transmission of a sinus infection
Bacteria in pharynx spread to sinuses via throat
What bacteria can cause sinusitis
Moraxella catarrhalis
Strep pyogens
Haemophilus infulenzae b
Strep pneumoniae
What bacteria is mostlikely to cause Otitis Media
Strep pneumoniae
What bacteria can cause Otitis media
Strep Pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenza b
Staph aureus
Moraxella catarrhalis
What is the most common cause of the common cold
Rhinovirus
What is the second most common cause of the common cold
Coronavirus
What viruses can cause the common cold
Rhinovirus
Coronavirus
Adenovirus
What is another name for the common cold caused by the rhinovirus
Rhinorrhea
What causes Pneumococcal pnemonia
Strep pneumoniae
What is a tell all symptom of pneumococcal pneumonia
Rust-coloured sputum
Consolidation in lungs
How does one get pneumococcal pneumonia
Inhalation of bacteria
What is another name of pneumococcal pneumonia caused by strep pneumoniae
Typical pneumonia
What causes Mycoplasma pneumonia
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
What are some other names for Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Atypical pneumonia
Walking pneumonia
Why is mycoplasma pneumoniae also called walking pneumonia
Because it is similar to the flu or asymptomatic
What causes klebsiella pneumoniae
Klebsiella pneumoniae
What is a tell all symptom of Klebsiella pneumoniae
Currant jelly sputum
Who is most at risk of developing klebsiella pneumoniae
Immuno-compromised people
What is a typical pneumonia symptom
Consolidation of lungs
What bacteria that can cause pneumonia is associated with the plague
Yersinia pestis
What causes Ornithosis
Chlamydophila pasittaci
How does Ornithosis present itself
Flu-like symptoms within 10 days of exposure
how does one get Ornithosis
Inhalation of aerosolized feces/respiratory secretions
Beak-to-mouth contact with infected birds
What is another name for ornithosis
Psittacosis
What causes Legionnaires disease
Legionella pneumophila
How does one get legionnaires disease
Inhalation of bacteria in aerosols from water sources
Other than legionnaires disease what can also be caused by legionella pneumophila
Pontiac fever
What are symptoms of legionnaires disease
Fever Chills Nonproductive cough Headach pneumonia
What causes Tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
What are the three types of TB
Primary
Secondary
Disseminated
What are notable symptoms in primary TB
Tubercles
Ghon’s complex
Caseous necrosis
What is a notable symptom in Disseminated TB
Consumption
How is TB transmitted
Respiratory droplets
What is it called when TB is in the spine
Pott’s disease - Primary TB
Children are most likely to get what type of TB
Primary
What is the leading killer of HIV patients
TB
What causes Pertussis
Bordetella pertussis
What are the 4 phases of Pertussis
Incubation
Catarrhal
Paroxysmal
Convalescent
What phase of Pertussis has the characteristic whooping cough
Paroxysmal
How does one get pertussis
Highly contagiuos
What is another name of Pertussis
Whooping cough
Who is most likely to develop whooping cough
Children
What causes Epiglottitis
Haemophilus influenza b
What is a sign of Epiglottitis
Tripod position (lean slightly forward to breath)
How does one get Epiglottitis
Person to person
Direct contact
Droplet inhalation
What is an important consideration about epiglottitis
It is a medical emergency and requires immediate help
What causes Inhalational anthrax
Bacillus anthracis
What are symptoms of inhalation anthrax
Flu symptoms breathing problems lethargy shock death
How does one get inhalation anthrax
Inhalation of endospores
What causes influenza
Influenza virus (Orthomyxovirus) A and B
When does antiviral medication need to be administered to stop influenza
Within 48 hours of infection
What can cause Bronchitis
Rhinovirus Adenovirus Influenza virus mycoplasma pneumoniae Chlamydophila pneumoniae Bordetella petrussis
What percent of Bronchitis is viral
90%
What percent of Bronchitis is bacterial
10%
What causes Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
Coronavirus
What does SARS require
BSL-3
What causes Respiratory syncytial virus infection
RSV - respiratory syncytial virus
What are symptoms of Respiratory syncytial virus infection
Bluish skin intercostal retractions nasal flaring rapid breathing Death
What is the most common childhood respiratory disease
Respiratory syncytial virus infection
What is the severe form of respiratory syncytial virus infection
Bronchoiolitis
What causes Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS)
Hantavirus
What are the symptoms of Hanatavirus Pulmonary syndrome
Cough
Shock
Laboured breathing
Death
What does Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome require
BSL-4
How does one get a Hantavirus infection
Inhalation of Virons in dried mouse urine or feces
What causes Croup
Parainfluenze virus
What is a major symptom of Croup
Seal-bark cough
Who is at risk of developing Croup
Children
How is Croup transmitted
Repiratory droplets
Person to person contact
What causes Coccidioidomycosis
Coccidioides immitis
What forms in the lungs in a Coccidioidomysosis infection
Spherules
What is Coccidioidomycosis also called
San Joaquin Valley fever
What is a common vehicle of infection for Coccidioidomycosis
Native American pots and blankets
What causes Pulmonary Blastomycosis
Blastomyces dermatidis
What are the symptoms of Pulmonary blastomycosis
FLu-like symptoms
What is another name for Pulmonary Blastomycois
Gilchrist’s disease
How does one get Pulmonary Blastomycosis
Inhalation of dust carrying fungal spores
What causes Paracoccidioidomycosis
Paracoccidioides brasillensis
What are the symptoms of Paracoccidioidomycosis
Pneumonia or TB like symptoms
Who often gets Paracoccidioidomycosis
Farmers
What causes Histoplasmosis
Histoplasma capulatum
What percent of patients with Histoplasmosis are asymptomatic
95%
What can you often find on a chest X-ray in patients with hisoplasmosis
Granuloma in lungs
What can histoplasmosis granulomas be confused with
Cancer
What is another name for Histoplasmosis
Ohio River Valley disease
What is the most common fungal pathogen affecting humans
Hisoplasma capsulatum
What causes Pneumocytis Pneumonia (PCP)
Pneumocystis jirovecii
What is a common ooprtunistic pathogen in aids patients
Pneumocystis jirovecii
What causes Aspergillosis
Aspergillus
What are the symptoms of Aspergillosis
Allergies