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Respiratory system Flashcards

(103 cards)

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1
Q

Which micro organism causes Strep throat

A

Strep Pyogens

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2
Q

What is the mode of transmission of Strep throat

A

Respiratory droplets

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3
Q

What might a strep throat infection caused by strep pyrogens lead to

A

Scarlet fever
rheymatic fever
glomerulonephritis

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4
Q

What is the number one cause of Pharyngitis

A

Strep throat

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5
Q

What age group is the most common for strep throat infection

A

5-15

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6
Q

What causes Scarlet fever

A

Strep pyogens

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7
Q

What is a tell all symptom of scarlet fever

A

Strawberry tongue

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8
Q

How is scarlet fever transmitted

A

Respiratory droplets

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9
Q

What is another name for scarlet fever

A

Scarletina

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10
Q

What causes Diphtheria

A

Corynebacterium Diphtheria

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11
Q

How is Diphtheria transmitted

A

Person to person
Respiratory droplets
Skin contact

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12
Q

What disease has a characteristic Palisade arrangement

A

Diphtheria

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13
Q

What skin test is used to test for Diphtheria

A

Schick test

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14
Q

What bacteria is most likely to cause Sinusitis

A

Moraxella catarrhalis

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15
Q

What is the most likely mode of transmission of a sinus infection

A

Bacteria in pharynx spread to sinuses via throat

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16
Q

What bacteria can cause sinusitis

A

Moraxella catarrhalis
Strep pyogens
Haemophilus infulenzae b
Strep pneumoniae

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17
Q

What bacteria is mostlikely to cause Otitis Media

A

Strep pneumoniae

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18
Q

What bacteria can cause Otitis media

A

Strep Pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenza b
Staph aureus
Moraxella catarrhalis

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19
Q

What is the most common cause of the common cold

A

Rhinovirus

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20
Q

What is the second most common cause of the common cold

A

Coronavirus

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21
Q

What viruses can cause the common cold

A

Rhinovirus
Coronavirus
Adenovirus

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22
Q

What is another name for the common cold caused by the rhinovirus

A

Rhinorrhea

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23
Q

What causes Pneumococcal pnemonia

A

Strep pneumoniae

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24
Q

What is a tell all symptom of pneumococcal pneumonia

A

Rust-coloured sputum

Consolidation in lungs

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25
How does one get pneumococcal pneumonia
Inhalation of bacteria
26
What is another name of pneumococcal pneumonia caused by strep pneumoniae
Typical pneumonia
27
What causes Mycoplasma pneumonia
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
28
What are some other names for Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Atypical pneumonia | Walking pneumonia
29
Why is mycoplasma pneumoniae also called walking pneumonia
Because it is similar to the flu or asymptomatic
30
What causes klebsiella pneumoniae
Klebsiella pneumoniae
31
What is a tell all symptom of Klebsiella pneumoniae
Currant jelly sputum
32
Who is most at risk of developing klebsiella pneumoniae
Immuno-compromised people
33
What is a typical pneumonia symptom
Consolidation of lungs
34
What bacteria that can cause pneumonia is associated with the plague
Yersinia pestis
35
What causes Ornithosis
Chlamydophila pasittaci
36
How does Ornithosis present itself
Flu-like symptoms within 10 days of exposure
37
how does one get Ornithosis
Inhalation of aerosolized feces/respiratory secretions Beak-to-mouth contact with infected birds
38
What is another name for ornithosis
Psittacosis
39
What causes Legionnaires disease
Legionella pneumophila
40
How does one get legionnaires disease
Inhalation of bacteria in aerosols from water sources
41
Other than legionnaires disease what can also be caused by legionella pneumophila
Pontiac fever
42
What are symptoms of legionnaires disease
``` Fever Chills Nonproductive cough Headach pneumonia ```
43
What causes Tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
44
What are the three types of TB
Primary Secondary Disseminated
45
What are notable symptoms in primary TB
Tubercles Ghon's complex Caseous necrosis
46
What is a notable symptom in Disseminated TB
Consumption
47
How is TB transmitted
Respiratory droplets
48
What is it called when TB is in the spine
Pott's disease - Primary TB
49
Children are most likely to get what type of TB
Primary
50
What is the leading killer of HIV patients
TB
51
What causes Pertussis
Bordetella pertussis
52
What are the 4 phases of Pertussis
Incubation Catarrhal Paroxysmal Convalescent
53
What phase of Pertussis has the characteristic whooping cough
Paroxysmal
54
How does one get pertussis
Highly contagiuos
55
What is another name of Pertussis
Whooping cough
56
Who is most likely to develop whooping cough
Children
57
What causes Epiglottitis
Haemophilus influenza b
58
What is a sign of Epiglottitis
Tripod position (lean slightly forward to breath)
59
How does one get Epiglottitis
Person to person Direct contact Droplet inhalation
60
What is an important consideration about epiglottitis
It is a medical emergency and requires immediate help
61
What causes Inhalational anthrax
Bacillus anthracis
62
What are symptoms of inhalation anthrax
``` Flu symptoms breathing problems lethargy shock death ```
63
How does one get inhalation anthrax
Inhalation of endospores
64
What causes influenza
Influenza virus (Orthomyxovirus) A and B
65
When does antiviral medication need to be administered to stop influenza
Within 48 hours of infection
66
What can cause Bronchitis
``` Rhinovirus Adenovirus Influenza virus mycoplasma pneumoniae Chlamydophila pneumoniae Bordetella petrussis ```
67
What percent of Bronchitis is viral
90%
68
What percent of Bronchitis is bacterial
10%
69
What causes Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
Coronavirus
70
What does SARS require
BSL-3
71
What causes Respiratory syncytial virus infection
RSV - respiratory syncytial virus
72
What are symptoms of Respiratory syncytial virus infection
``` Bluish skin intercostal retractions nasal flaring rapid breathing Death ```
73
What is the most common childhood respiratory disease
Respiratory syncytial virus infection
74
What is the severe form of respiratory syncytial virus infection
Bronchoiolitis
75
What causes Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS)
Hantavirus
76
What are the symptoms of Hanatavirus Pulmonary syndrome
Cough Shock Laboured breathing Death
77
What does Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome require
BSL-4
78
How does one get a Hantavirus infection
Inhalation of Virons in dried mouse urine or feces
79
What causes Croup
Parainfluenze virus
80
What is a major symptom of Croup
Seal-bark cough
81
Who is at risk of developing Croup
Children
82
How is Croup transmitted
Repiratory droplets | Person to person contact
83
What causes Coccidioidomycosis
Coccidioides immitis
84
What forms in the lungs in a Coccidioidomysosis infection
Spherules
85
What is Coccidioidomycosis also called
San Joaquin Valley fever
86
What is a common vehicle of infection for Coccidioidomycosis
Native American pots and blankets
87
What causes Pulmonary Blastomycosis
Blastomyces dermatidis
88
What are the symptoms of Pulmonary blastomycosis
FLu-like symptoms
89
What is another name for Pulmonary Blastomycois
Gilchrist's disease
90
How does one get Pulmonary Blastomycosis
Inhalation of dust carrying fungal spores
91
What causes Paracoccidioidomycosis
Paracoccidioides brasillensis
92
What are the symptoms of Paracoccidioidomycosis
Pneumonia or TB like symptoms
93
Who often gets Paracoccidioidomycosis
Farmers
94
What causes Histoplasmosis
Histoplasma capulatum
95
What percent of patients with Histoplasmosis are asymptomatic
95%
96
What can you often find on a chest X-ray in patients with hisoplasmosis
Granuloma in lungs
97
What can histoplasmosis granulomas be confused with
Cancer
98
What is another name for Histoplasmosis
Ohio River Valley disease
99
What is the most common fungal pathogen affecting humans
Hisoplasma capsulatum
100
What causes Pneumocytis Pneumonia (PCP)
Pneumocystis jirovecii
101
What is a common ooprtunistic pathogen in aids patients
Pneumocystis jirovecii
102
What causes Aspergillosis
Aspergillus
103
What are the symptoms of Aspergillosis
Allergies

Micro biology (7 decks)

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