Reviewer #4 Flashcards
(29 cards)
Is a condition in which the flow air pauses or decreases during breathing while an individual is asleep because the airway has become narrowed, blocked, or floppy
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
The most common type of sleep disordered breathing breathing and is characterized by recurrent episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
What happens to all the body’s muscle when you sleep?
They all relax
A condition where the lower jaw is shorter than the upper jaw
Retrognathia
How does retrognathia cause OSA?
The airway may be narrow and constricted
How does palate shape cause OSA?
It may cause the airway to be more narrow and collapse easily
How do large tonsils and adenoids cause OSA?
They can block the airway
How does a large tongue cause OSA?
They may fall back and block the airway
Why does snoring happen in sleep apnea?
Due to air escaping from a much narrowed airway
Cardinal symptoms of OSA (3S)
S - Sleepiness
S - Snoring
S - Significant other report
Best treatment for Mild OSA?
Avoidance and Prevention
A surgery that removes excess tissue at the back of the throat. Has not been proven to clearly get rid of OSA.
UvuloPalatoPharyngoPlasty (UPPP)
Surgeries that remove tonsils and adenoids often cures the condition in children.
Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy
Surgeries that remove tonsils and adenoids often cures the condition in children.
Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy
A surgery done to create an opening in the windpipe to bypass the blocked airway if there are physical problems.
Tracheostomy
A situation in which a portion of the rib cage is separated from the rest of the chest wall
Flail Chest
How does a flail chest typically happen
It occurs when 3 or more ribs are broken, leading to rib cage instability and resulting in a pulmonary emergency.
Pathognomonic sign of Flail Chest
Paradoxical chest movement
Affected area draws in when the patient breathes in and the rest of the chest expands, and the affected area moves outward as the patient exhales and rest of the chest contract
Paradoxical chest movement
How does flail chest cause pneumonia?
The presence of pain reduces tidal volume and may suppress the cough reflex, leading to atelectasis and pneumonia.
How does flail chest cause pulmonary contusion or bruising?
The injured rib may hit the lungs and cause trauma
How does flail chest cause pneumothorax?
When the rib punctures the lung, it may cause air to enter the pleural space
Metal rods placed inside the body to support the thoracic cavity and it tends to be permanent are called?
Internal fixtures
They are placed on the outside of the body and will be removed once the bone has healed are called
External fixtures
