RHD Flashcards
(18 cards)
What is the causative organism of Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD)?
Streptococcus pyogenes
What are the risk factors of Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD)?
Previous streptococcal infections, young age, and poor socioeconomic status.
What is the pathophysiology of Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD)?
Autoimmune response to group A streptococcal infection leading to inflammation of heart tissues.
What are the characteristics of Rheumatic carditis?
Pancarditis and Aschoff bodies
These are seen in the heart during RHD.
What is the most common valvular lesion in RHD?
Mitral regurgitation with a holosystolic murmur.
Which valves are most commonly associated with Rheumatic Heart Disease?
Mitral and aortic valves.
What causes Mac Callum plaques?
Chronic inflammation and fibrosis in the heart due to RHD.
What are the clinical manifestations of Rheumatic Heart Disease?
Fever, joint pain, carditis, and chorea.
What are the signs of congestive heart failure on a chest X-ray?
Cardiomegaly and pulmonary congestion.
How does pericarditis manifest on physical exam?
Friction rub and chest pain.
How does myocarditis present?
Chest pain, heart failure symptoms, arrhythmias, and fatigue.
What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis?
Rheumatic fever.
How is mitral stenosis described on echocardiogram?
Narrowing of the mitral valve orifice.
What is the management of rheumatic fever?
Antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, and supportive care.
What is a common presentation of Rheumatic Heart Disease?
Heart murmur and joint pain.
What type of chorea is associated with Rheumatic Heart Disease and its management?
Sydenham’s chorea; managed with antiepileptics and supportive care.
What are the major criteria for diagnosis of Rheumatic fever? x5
Carditis, polyarthritis, chorea, erythema marginatum, and subcutaneous nodules.
What are the minor criteria for diagnosis of Rheumatic fever? x4
Fever, arthralgia, elevated acute phase reactants, and prolonged PR interval.
