Congenital Heart Diseases Flashcards
(17 cards)
Common defects in down syndrome patients x2
AVSD, VSD
Maternal disorders that increase risk of CHD x3
Diabetes Mellitus
Rubella infection
SLE
Which heart abnormalities are caused by maternal wafarin use x2
PDA
Pulmonary valve stenosis
Which heart abnormalities are caused by maternal alcohol use x3
VSD, ASD, TOF
Which heart abnormalities are caused by maternal rubella infection x2
PDA
Peripheral pulmonary stenosis
Difference between pulmonary valve stenosis and peripheral pulmonary stenosis
The latter involves pulmonary vessels and the other one involves pulmonary valves
Drug that keeps PDA open and one that closes it
Prostaglandins
Indomethacin
How does PDA closure occur x2
Due to increased arterial oxygen tension there in contraction and constriction of its muscles
A fall in prostaglandins also promotes closure
Causes of high pulmonary blood flow in infants x3
VSD, ASD, large PDA
Causes of obstructed, duct dependent circulation x4
Coarctation of the aorta
Aortic valve stenosis
Hypoplasia left heart syndrome
Interruption of the aortic arch
Drugs used to manage VSD x2
Diuretics
Captopril ie ACE inhibitor
Types of ASD x2 and their character on ECG
Secundum ASD - right axis deviation
Primum ASD or partial atrioventricular septal defect- left axis deviation
Type of Murmur in ASD, location and why its loudest there
Systolic murmur in the left 2nd intercostal space/ upper left sternal angle
This is because of increased pulmonary flow due to the L-R shunt
What Murmur is heard in partial AVSD, location and reason
Pansystolic murmur in the apex
This is due to atrioventricular regurgitation
CXR finding in ASD and VSD x3
Increased pulmonary vascular markings
Pulmonary artery enlargement
Cardiomegaly
Type of mumur in small VSD and location
Pansystolic murmur in left lower sternal angle
Define large and small VSD
Small is less than size of aortic valve and large is greater or equal to aortic valve
