River coursework

Question 1

Secondary data used in rivers

-O. maps
Pros:
-helps p… route
-can identify f… like floodplains and m…
-helps a… closed off areas

Cons:
-some can be o…
—>river can c… due to e… processes
-don’t show real t… conditions
—>eg f…
-no i… of private land

R… records
Pros:
-helps p… river c…
—>eg high d…
-helps improve h…

Limitations:
-if data isn’t r… it may not help with s… term planning
-doesn’t shows the r… direct r…

Answer 1

-OS maps
Pros:
-helps plan route
-can identify features like floodplains and meanders
-helps avoid closed off areas

Cons:
-some can be outdated
—>river can change due to erosional processes
-don’t show real time conditions
—>eg flooding
-no indication of private land

Rainfall records
Pros:
-helps predict river conditions
—>eg high discharge
-helps improve hypothesis

Limitations:
-if data isn’t recent it may not help with short term planning
-doesn’t shows the rivers direct response

Question 2

Data presentation used for rivers

C… section graphs
Pros:
-allows us to visually c…
-can help to e… visualise r… depth
-s… understanding of d… and erosion

Cons:
-l… detail
-only represents a s… point
—>can c… within a c…

Answer 2

Cross section graphs
Pros:
-allows us to visually compare
-can help to easily visualise river depth
-supports understanding of deposition and erosion

Cons:
-limited detail
-only represents a single point
—>can vary within a course

Question 3

Qualitative data

Field sketches:
Pros:
-allows us to i… important f…
—>eg m…, depositions
-easily a…

Cons:
-hard to d…, can be m…
—>leading to e… features
-can be i…

Answer 3

Field sketches:
Pros:
-allows us to include important features
—>eg meanders, depositions
-easily annotated

Cons:
-hard to draw, can be messy
—>leading to exaggerated features
-can be inaccurate

Question 4

Pie charts river

Pros:
-clear v… summary
-enable quick c…
-s… and engaging
-can be e… to build using the i…

Cons:
-doesn’t show the e… amount
—>eg 60% could be 6 or ..
-difficult with s… samples
-to see d… you have to take s… pie graphs
-t… consuming to d…

Answer 4

Pros:
-clear visual summary
-enable quick comparison
-simple and engaging
-can be easy to build using the internet

Cons:
-does show the exact amount
—>eg 60% could be 6 or 60
-difficult with small samples
-to see development you have to take several pie graphs
-time consuming to draw

Question 5

Questions for rivers

Answer 5

1. How does width and depth vary moving down stream
2. How does discharge and velocity vary moving downstream

Question 6

Hypothesis for questions rivers

1. W… and depth
   -increased d… due to more e… processes
   —>result of h… load and higher d…
2. V… and discharge
   -the rivers d… increased d… due to the c… of tributaries

Answer 6

1. Width and depth
   -increased downstream due to more erosional processes
   —>result of heavier load and higher discharge
2. Velocity and discharge
   -the rivers discharge increased downstream due to the confluence of tributaries

Question 7

Methods

River depth and width:
-tape m… held at either side of b…
-held t…
-d… was measured measured at . points at even i…

Velocity:
-measured alot . points of the r…
-used a brass i…
-t… how long it took to reach the e…
-placed against the f… of the river

Pebble shape and size:
-r… picked up rocks
-measured the l.. and shortest axis using a c…
-noted the s… using a pie c…

Answer 7

River depth and width:
-tape measure held at either side of bank
-held tightly
-depth was measured measured at 3 points at even intervals

Velocity:
-measured alot 3 points of the river
-used a brass impeller
-timed how long it took to reach the end
-placed against the flow of the river

Pebble shape and size:
-randomly picked up rocks
-measured the longest and shortest axis using a calliper
-noted the shape using a pie chart