Roosevelt and the New Deal : 1/20/15

Question 1

A distant cousin of _______ ______, _______ _____ ______ grew up in _____ ____, __.

Answer 1

Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Hyde Park, NY

Question 2

Roosevelt was educated at _______ and then at _______ ___ _____.

Answer 2

Harvard, Columbia Law School

Question 3

While at Harvard, he became friends with Theodore’s niece, ______, whom he later married.

Answer 3

Eleanor

Question 4

Roosevelt began his political career in ____ and he was elected to the ___ ____ ____ _____.

Answer 4

1910, New York State Senate

Question 5

Roosevelt later became ______ ______ of the ____ in the ______ ________.

Answer 5

Assistant secretary of the navy, Wilson Administration

Question 6

In 1921, ____ caught the paralyzing disease _____.

Answer 6

FDR, polio

Question 7

By the mid 1920s, ___ was again active in politics becoming _____ of ___ ___ in 1928.

Answer 7

FDR, governor, New York

Question 8

From that point forward, Roosevelt’s policies for ending the _____ ______ became known as the ___ ____.

Answer 8

Great Depression, New Deal

Question 9

People feared that Roosevelt would abandon the ___ ______ and reduce the value of the _____ to fight the _________.

Answer 9

Gold standard, dollar, Depression

Question 10

Under the ____ _______, one ounce of gold equaled a set number of dollars.

Answer 10

Gold standard

Question 11

In ___ states, governors declared ___ _____ - the act of closing the remaining banks before bank runs could run them out of business.

Answer 11

38, bank holidays

Question 12

Between _____ __ and ____ __ _____, which came to be called the _______-___, Congress passed __ major acts to resolve the economic crisis. These programs made up what would be called the ____ ___ ____.

Answer 12

March 9, June 6, 1933, Hundred-Days, 15, First New Deal

Question 13

The _____ group was inspired by Teddy Roosevelt’s “ ____ _________.”

Answer 13

First, New Nationalism

Question 14

One group supported the belief that if government agencies worked with ________ to regulate _____, ______, and ________, they could lift the economy out of the Depression.

Answer 14

Businesses, wages, prices, production

Question 15

The _______ group distrusted big business and felt business caused the Depression and wanted government planners to run key parts of the economy.

Answer 15

Second

Question 16

A _____ group supported Wilson’s “____ ______” philosophy. They wanted ________ to break up big ________ and allow ________ to set _____, _______, and ________ levels.

Answer 16

Third, New Freedom, Roosevelt, companies, competition, wages, prices, production

Question 17

Within a week of his taking office, the ______ _____ _____ ___ was passed. The new law required federal examiners to survey the nation’s _____ and issue ________ ________ ______ to those that were financially sound.

Answer 17

Emergency Banking Relief Act, Banks, Treasure Department licenses

Question 18

On March 12, Roosevelt addressed the nation by radio known as “ ______ ____.”

Answer 18

Fireside chats

Question 19

FDR supported the _______ ____ ___ _____ and the _____- _____ _______ ___.

Answer 19

Securities Act of 1933, Glass- Steagall Banking Act

Question 20

The ________ ___ required companies that sold stocks and bonds to provide complete and truthful information to investors.

Answer 20

Securities Act

Question 21

The ________ ___ _____ _______ ( ? ) was created to regulate the stock market and stop fraud.

Answer 21

Securities and Exchange Commission ( SEC )

Question 22

The _____- ______ ___ separated ______ banking from ________ banking.

Answer 22

Glass- Steagall Act, commercial, investment

Question 23

_______ ___ handle everyday transactions and could no longer risk depositor’s money through stock speculation.

Answer 23

Commercial banks

Question 24

The _____- _____ ___ also created the ______ _____ _______ ______ ( ? ).

Answer 24

Glass- Steagall Act, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ( FDIC )

Question 25

The _____ provides government insurance for bank deposits.

Answer 25

FDIC

Question 26

The _____ _____ ____ _______ bought the mortgages of home owners who were behind in their payments.

Answer 26

Home Owner's Loan Corporation

Question 27

It then restructured the loans with longer _________ terms and ______ ______ ____.

Answer 27

Repayment, lower interest rates

Question 28

The ____ _____ ________ ( ? ) helped farmers refinance their mortgages.

Answer 28

Farm Credit Administration ( FCA )

Question 29

To help the nation's farmers, Congress passed the ______ ______ ___.

Answer 29

Agricultural Adjustment Act

Question 30

Under this act, the government's ___ would pay farmer's not to raise certain livestock, grow certain crops, and produce dairy products.

Answer 30

AAA

Question 31

Thousands of _____ _____, many _____ _____, lost their jobs and home when landlords took their fields out of production.

Answer 31

Tenant farmers, African American

Question 32

The ________ _____ ____ built dams to control floods, conserve forest lands, and bring electricity to rural areas. : _____ Dam, ______ Dam, _________ Dam.

Answer 32

Tennessee Valley Authority, Wilson Dam, Wheeler Dam, Guntersville Dam.

Question 33

The ______ _____ ___ ( ? ) suspended antitrust laws and allowed business, labor, and government to cooperate with rules or codes of fair competition, for each industry.

Answer 33

National Recovery Act ( NRA )

Question 34

The ____ would be declared _____________ in 1935.

Answer 34

NRA, unconstitutional

Question 35

The most highly praised New Deal work relief program was the _______ _________ ____ ( ? ).

Answer 35

Civilian Conservation Corps ( CCC )

Question 36

The ___ offered unemployed young men ___-___ years old the opportunity to work under the direction of the ________ service p______ t_____, f_______ f_____ f____, and b______ r______.

Answer 36

CCC, 18-25, forestry, planting trees, fighting fires, building reservoirs

Question 37

The young men lived in camps near their work areas and earned $__ a month, $__ of which was sent directly to their families.

Answer 37

30, 25

Question 38

The average CCC worker returned home after __ to __ months.

Answer 38

6, 12

Question 39

The CCC also taught more than ____ of their recruits to read and write.

Answer 39

40 k

Question 40

In 1933, FDR added ________ veterans to the CCC as well.

Answer 40

250000

Question 41

_______ _______ ____ ________ ( ? ) gave money to state and local agencies to fund their relief projects.

Answer 41

Federal Emergency Relief Administration ( FERA )

Question 42

______ ____, a former social worker, would run FERA.

Answer 42

Harry Hopkins

Question 43

In June 1933, Congress authorized the ____ ____ _______ ( ? ).

Answer 43

Public Works Administration ( PWA )

Question 44

___ ____ of the nation's _______ were in the ______ industry.

Answer 44

One third, unemployed, construction

Question 45

The ___ began building h_____, d____, s_____, and other g_______ f_____.

Answer 45

PWA, highways, dams, schools, government facilities

Question 46

The ___ also insisted that ______ not discriminate against ______ _____.

Answer 46

PWA, contractors, African Americans

Question 47

FDR authorized ______ to set up the _____ ____ _________ ( ? ).

Answer 47

Hopkins, Civil Works Administration

Question 48

Hiring workers directly, the ____ employed __ _____ people, including ______ women.

Answer 48

CWA, 4 million, 300,000

Question 49

The agency built or improved _____ a______, ______ miles of r_____, _____ s_____ buildings, and _____ p______ and p____.

Answer 49

1000 airports, 500,000 miles of roads, 40,000 school buildings, 3500 playgrounds and parks.

Question 50

The program spent $ __ _____ in just __ months.

Answer 50

1 billion, 5

Question 51

The most important change was in the ____ of the _____ ____.

Answer 51

Spirit, American people

Question 52

______'s actions had inspired ___ and restored American's ____ in their nation.

Answer 52

Roosevelt, hope, faith

Question 53

The ____ wing had long believed that the New Deal regulated _____ too tightly. Also increased its opposition as Roosevelt started _____ _____.

Answer 53

Right, business, deficit spending

Question 54

_____ ______ is a governmental practice of spending, borrowed money rather than raising taxes, usually in an attempt to boost the economy.

Answer 54

Deficit spending

Question 55

Some on the ___ wing believed that the New Deal had not gone far enough.

Answer 55

Left

Question 56

____ ____, governor of _______, championed the poor. He improved s______, c______, and h______ and built r____and b_____ in LA.

Answer 56

Huey Long, Louisiana, schools, colleges, hospitals, roads, bridges

Question 57

In 1934, Huey Long established the ______ ___ _____ _____.

Answer 57

Share Our Wealth Society

Question 58

FDR also faced a challenge from a Catholic priest and radio host, ______ _____ ______.

Answer 58

Father Charles Coughlin

Question 59

Coughlin called for _______ the _______ and __________ the ______ _____.

Answer 59

Inflating, currency, nationalizing, banking system

Question 60

In 1934, Coughlin organized the ______ ____ for _____ ______, which some Democrats feared would become a third party.

Answer 60

National Union for Social Justice

Question 61

A third challenge came from a California physician, _____ ______.

Answer 61

Francis Townsend

Question 62

Townsend proposed that the federal government pay citizens over the age __ a pension of $___ a month.

Answer 62

60, 200

Question 63

In 1935, FDR launched a series of programs known as the ______ ___ ____, to generate greater economic recovery.

Answer 63

Second New Deal

Question 64

_____ ______ ________ ( ? ), was the largest public works program of the Great Depression.

Answer 64

Works Progress Administration ( WPA )

Question 65

The most controversial program of the New Deal was nested inside the WPA and was known as the ______ ______ ___. This program financed artists, musicians, theater people, and writers.

Answer 65

Federal Number One

Question 66

When the Supreme Court struck down the ___, it also invalidated the section of the ____ that gave workers the right to ______.

Answer 66

NRA, NIRA, organize

Question 67

In July 1933, Congress passed the ______ ____ _____ ___, also called the ______ ___. This act guaranteed workers the right to unionize and bargain collectively.

Answer 67

National Labor Relations Act, Wagner Act

Question 68

The _____ ______ ___ provided some financial security for older Americans, unemployed workers, and others.

Answer 68

Social Security Act

Question 69

Workers earned the right to receive benefits because they paid ______ ____ to the federal government, just as they paid premiums in buying a life insurance policy.

Answer 69

Special taxes

Question 70

Some critics did not like the fact that the money came from ____ ____.

Answer 70

Payroll taxes

Question 71

The core of Social Security was the _____ _______ _____, which people collected when they stopped working at age 65.

Answer 71

Monthly retirement benefit

Question 72

At first, Social Security left out many of the neediest Americans, such as ____ and ______ _____.

Answer 72

Farm and domestic workers

Question 73

______ _______ established the principle that the federal government should be responsible for those who, through no fault of their own, were unable to work.

Answer 73

Social Security

Question 74

The _____ ___ also set up a process called ______ ______ - was a process in which a neutral party hears arguments from two opposing sides and makes a decision that both must accept.

Answer 74

Wagner Act, binding arbitration

Question 75

In 1935, John L. _____, leader of the U_____ M___ W______, helped form the C______ for I______ O_______ ( CIO ).

Answer 75

Lewis, United Mine Workers, Committee for Industrial Organization

Question 76

These new unions would employ __-___ ____ : was a method of boycotting work by sitting down at work and refusing to leave the establishment.

Answer 76

Sit-down strikes

Question 77

In 1938, the ___ changed its name to the C______ of I_________ O_______ and became a federation of industrial unions.

Answer 77

CIO, Congress of Industrial Organizations

Question 78

African Americans, who reliably voted ________ since _______, switched their allegiance to the _______ Party.

Answer 78

Republican, Reconstruction, Democratic

Question 79

The _______ nominated ____ governor, Alfred L_____ as their presidential challenger.

Answer 79

Republicans, Kansas, Landon

Question 80

In January 1936, The Supreme Court declared the ___ unconstitutional.

Answer 80

AAA

Question 81

After his reelection, Landon tried to change the Supreme Court's ______ ______.

Answer 81

Political balance

Question 82

The ____-_____ ___, as it was called, was a major political mistake.

Answer 82

Court- packing plan

Question 83

Many ______ _____ feared new justices would overturn ______.

Answer 83

Southern Democrats, segregation

Question 84

FDR, concerned about rising debts, he ordered the ___ and the ___ to have their fund cut significantly.

Answer 84

WPA, PWA

Question 85

The leaders of the ___ and ___ citied a new economic theory called _______ _______ - held that government should spend heavily in a recession to jump start the economy.

Answer 85

WPA, PWA, Keynesianism economics

Question 86

Critics believed the ______ proved the public was becoming too dependant on government spending.

Answer 86

Recession

Question 87

One of the president's goals for his second term was to provide better ______ for the nation's poor.

Answer 87

Housing

Question 88

Roosevelt passed the N_______ H_______ A___, which established the U_______ S______ H______ A______.

Answer 88

National Housing Act, United State Housing Authority

Question 89

The ______ _____ _____ _____ received $___ _____ to subsidize loans to builders willing to construct low-cost housing.

Answer 89

United States Housing Authority, 500 million

Question 90

To help poor White and African American tenant farmers, Congress created the ____ ______ ________ to give loans to tenants so they could purchase farms.

Answer 90

Farm Security Administration

Question 91

The ____ _____ ______ ___ abolished child labor, limited the workweek to 44 hours for most workers, and set the first minimum- wage at 25 cent an hour.

Answer 91

Fair Labor Standards Act

Question 92

The New Deal established what some call the _____ ____ - is where the role of government is to work out conflicts among competing interest groups.

Answer 92

Broker state

Question 93

Roosevelt's programs had succeeded in creating a _____ ___-- ______ and _____ programs that protected people against economic disaster.

Answer 93

Safety net, safeguards, relief

Question 94

Critics have argued that the New Deal made the government ___ ______.

Answer 94

Too powerful