S1 [LEC]: Microscopic exam of the Urine

Question 1

Centrifugation conditions for microscopic analysis of urine

Answer 1

400 RCF for 5 mins

Question 2

Volume of urine after decantation

Answer 2

0.5 - 1.0 mL

Question 3

Casts are first examined under what objective?

Answer 3

Low power

Question 4

Point of reference of microscopic analysis

Answer 4

Epithelial cell

Question 5

RBCs and WBCs are first examined under what objective?

Answer 5

High power

Question 6

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

RBC

Answer 6

Purple

Question 7

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

WBC

Answer 7

Purple

Question 8

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

Glitter cells

Answer 8

Light (pale) blue

Question 9

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

Motile bacteria

Answer 9

Unstained

Question 10

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

Non-motile bacteria

Answer 10

Purple

Question 11

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

Trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 11

Light blue green

Question 12

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain:

Fat inclusion cast

Answer 12

Fat globules in a pink matrix

Question 13

This stain identifies WBCs, epithelial cells, and casts

Answer 13

Sternheimer-Malbin Stain (Crystal violet + Safranin O)

Question 14

This stain differentiates WBC and renal tubular epithelial cells

Answer 14

0.5% Toluidine blue

Question 15

This stain distinguishes RBCs from WBCs, yeast, oil droplets, and crystals

Answer 15

2% acetic acid

Question 16

T/F: 2% acetic acid cannot be used for initial sediment analysis because RBCs are lysed by acetic acid

Answer 16

True

Question 17

This stain identify free fat droplets and lipid-containing cells and casts

Answer 17

Lipid stain

Question 18

Triglycerides and neutral fats will stain ___, while cholesterol will stain ___

Answer 18

Orange-red
Unstained

Question 19

This stain identifies bacterial casts

Answer 19

Gram stain

Question 20

This stain identifies urinary eosinophils

Answer 20

Hansel stain

Question 21

Finding of more than __ eosinophils is considered significant

Answer 21

1%

Question 22

This stain identifies yellow-brown granules of hemosiderin in cells and casts

Answer 22

Prussian blue stain

Question 23

Identify the microscope used:

For routine urinalysis

Answer 23

Bright-field

Question 24

Identify the microscope used:

Enhances visualization of elements with low refractive indices, such as hyaline casts, mixed cellular casts, mucous threads, and Trichomonas

Answer 24

Phase-contrast

Question 25

Identify the microscope used: Aids in identification of cholesterol in oval fat bodies, fatty casts, and crystals

Answer 25

Polarizing

Question 26

Identify the microscope used: Aid in identification of Treponema pallidum

Answer 26

Dark-field

Question 27

Identify the microscope used: Allows visualization of naturally fluorescent microorganisms or those stained by a fluorescent dye including labeled antigens and antibodies

Answer 27

Fluorescence

Question 28

Identify the microscope used: Produces a three-dimensional microscopy image and layer-by-layer imaging of a speciment

Answer 28

Interference-contrast

Question 29

Volume of urine centrifuged divided by the sediment volume equals the concentration factor

Answer 29

Sedimentation concentration factor

Question 30

Probability of detecting elements present in low quantities

Answer 30

Sedimentation concentration factor

Question 31

Used when quantitating the number of elements present per milliliter

Answer 31

Sedimentation concentration factor

Question 32

Expected color using Sternheimer-Malbin stain: Hyaline cast

Answer 32

Pale pink (purple)

Question 33

This stain identifies bacterial casts confused as granular cast

Answer 33

Gram stain

Question 34

Components of Hansel stain

Answer 34

Methylene blue and eosin Y

Question 35

This stains structures containing iron

Answer 35

Prussian blue