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MT6328 > S1 [LAB]: Tests for Albumin (Quantitative and Qualitative) > Flashcards

S1 [LAB]: Tests for Albumin (Quantitative and Qualitative) Flashcards

1
Q

In heat and acetic test of albumin determination, this is the buffering component important to prevent the formation of soluble acid and alkali albumates, and the precipitation of phosphates

A

Acetate

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2
Q

In heat and acetic test of albumin determination, precipitation of protein is done by adding ___

A

5% or 10% Acetic acid

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3
Q

In heat and acetic test of albumin determination, the specimen of choice is ___

A

First morning urine sample

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4
Q

Positive result for heat and acetic test of albumin determination

A

Cloudy solution

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5
Q

Give the grading in the qualitative determination of albumin in terms of turbidity:

No cloudiness

A

(-); Negative

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6
Q

Give the grading in the qualitative determination of albumin in terms of turbidity:

Barely visible cloudiness

A

(+/-); Trace

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7
Q

Give the grading in the qualitative determination of albumin in terms of turbidity:

Distinct cloudiness but non-granular against light with urine visible through it

A

(+); Positive

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8
Q

Give the grading in the qualitative determination of albumin in terms of turbidity:

Distinct cloudiness, granular against light

A

(++); Positive

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9
Q

Give the grading in the qualitative determination of albumin in terms of turbidity:

Heavy cloudiness with distinct floccule

A

(+++); Positive

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10
Q

Give the grading in the qualitative determination of albumin in terms of turbidity:

Dense heavy clouds with large floccules, may solidify

A

(++++); Positive

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11
Q

In the Exton’s test of albumin determination, the specimen of choice is ___

A

Freshly voided/ random specimen

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12
Q

In the Exton’s test of albumin determination, the reagent used it ___

A

Sulfosalicylic acid
Sodium sulfate

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13
Q

In the Exton’s test of albumin determination, the positive result is ___

A

Cloudy solution

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14
Q

In the Heller’s test of albumin determination, the specimen of choice is ___

A

Freshly voided/ random urine

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15
Q

In the Heller’s test of albumin determination, the reagent used is ___

A

Concentrated nitric acid

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16
Q

In the Heller’s test of albumin determination, the positive result is the appearance of ___

A

Ring

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17
Q

In the Robert’s test of albumin determination, protein in urine samples is precipitated by ___ and ___

A

Magnesium sulfate
Nitric acid

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18
Q

In the Robert’s test of albumin determination, the specimen of choice is ___

A

First morning urine specimen

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19
Q

In the Robert’s test of albumin determination, the positive result is the appearance of ___

A

Ring

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20
Q

Give the grading in the qualitative determination of albumin in terms of ring appearance:

No ring at the point of contact

A

(-); Negative

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21
Q

Give the grading in the qualitative determination of albumin in terms of turbidity:

Barely perceptible ring against a black background

A

(+/-); Trace

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22
Q

Give the grading in the qualitative determination of albumin in terms of turbidity:

Ring is distinct against a black background and can be seen when held up to the light

A

(+); Positive

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23
Q

Give the grading in the qualitative determination of albumin in terms of turbidity:

Ring is definite against light and faintly visible when viewed from above

A

(++); Positive

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24
Q

Give the grading in the qualitative determination of albumin in terms of turbidity:

Ring is heavy against light and has distinct cloudiness when viewed from above

A

(+++); Positive

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25
Give the grading in the qualitative determination of albumin in terms of turbidity: Ring is thick and dense against light and opaque when viewed from above
(++++); Positive
26
The qualitative albumin determination method most often used in the laboratory
Exton's/ Sulfosalicylic acid Test
27
In the Kwalecki's modification of Esbach's method of albumin determination, the used reagent is ___
Esbach's rgt: Picric acid Citric acid 10% Ferric chloride
28
In the Kingsbury and Clark method of albumin determination, the reagent used is ___
3% Sulfosalicylic acid
29
Give the grading in the quantitative determination of albumin: No definite flocculation; the cloud is distinguishable but not granular
(+); 0.01-0.03 gram%
30
Give the grading in the quantitative determination of albumin: No definite flocculation; the cloud is distinct and granular
(++); 0.04-0.1 gram%
31
Give the grading in the quantitative determination of albumin: Marked flocculation with dense cloud
(+++); 0.2-0.3 gram%
31
Give the grading in the quantitative determination of albumin: Heavy thick precipitate to solid mass
(++++); 0.5 gram% albumin or higher; 3 gram% boils solid
32
Identify whether qualitative or quantitative albumin detection method: Heat and Acetic Acid Test
Qualitative
33
Identify whether qualitative or quantitative albumin detection method: Exton's/ Sulfosalicylic Acid Test
Qualitative
34
Identify whether qualitative or quantitative albumin detection method: Heller's Test
Qualitative
35
Identify whether qualitative or quantitative albumin detection method: Robert's Test
Qualitative
36
Identify whether qualitative or quantitative albumin detection method: Kwilecki's modification of Esbach's method
Quantitative
37
Identify whether qualitative or quantitative albumin detection method: Kingsbury and Clark method
Quantitative
38
Normal amount of protein in the urine
1-14 mg/dL per day
39
Molecular weight of protein that can readily pass through the kidney
<40 000 Dalton
40
Fibrinolytic enzyme secreted by liver
Urokinase
41
Protein component forming renal cast
Tamm-Horsfall Uromodulin
42
Immunoglobulin present in the renal tubular epithelia
Secretory IgA
43
Presence/ high level of protein in the urine
Proteinuria
44
Identify the type of proteinuria: Overflow of low molecular weight proteins
Pre-renal
45
Identify the type of proteinuria: Muscle injury
Pre-renal
46
Protein released in muscle injury
Myoglobin
47
Identify the type of proteinuria: Intravascular hemolysis
Pre-renal
48
Protein released during intravascular hemolysis
Hemoglobin
49
Identify the type of proteinuria: Infection/ inflammation
Pre-renal
50
Identify the type of proteinuria: Multiple myeloma
Pre-renal
51
Proteins composed of immunoglobulin light chain in multiple myeloma patients
Bence Jones Proteins
52
Identify the type of proteinuria: Defective glomerular filtration barrier
Glomerular
53
Identify the type of proteinuria: Cancer
Glomerular
54
Identify the type of proteinuria: Drug intake
Glomerular
55
Identify the type of proteinuria: Tubules cannot regulate proteins to be reabsorbed
Tubular
56
Identify the type of proteinuria: Pyelonephritis
Tubular
57
Identify the type of proteinuria: Related to orthostatic proteinuria
Tubular
58
Identify the type of proteinuria: Affected excretion
Post-renal
59
A cold precipitation technique to determine the presence of proteins
Exton's test
60
T/F: Sulfosalicylic acid precipitates protein irreversibly
True
61
Cause of (+) strip; (-) SSA in albumin determination that is false positive to the strip
Alkaline urine without albumin
62
Cause of (+) strip; (-) SSA in albumin determination that is false negative to SSA
Alkaline urine with albumin
63
Cause of (-) strip; (+) SSA in albumin determination that is false positive to the strip
Presence of other proteins
64
Resolution for (+) strip; (-) SSA in albumin determination
Acidify the urine
65
Resolution for (-) strip; (+) SSA in albumin determination
Centrifuge and get the sediments
66
T/F: In Heller's test of albumin determination, the urine needs to be centrifuged
False
67
In the Kingsbury and Clark method of albumin determination, the preferred specimen is ___
24-hour urine
68
T/F: In Kingsbury and Clark Method of albumin determination, the urine needs to be centrifuged
True
69
T/F: All precipitation tests must be performed on centrifuged specimen
True
70
T/F: In the SSA precipitation test, the mixture is heated to allow optimal turbidity visualization
False
71
Concentration of sulfosalicylic acid in SSA precipitation test
3%
72
74
In Kwilecki’s quantification method of Albumin, the reagent and urine mixture is heated in a water bath at what conditions?
72C for 5 minutes
75
76
In Kingsbury and Clark method of albumin determination, the reagent and urine mixture is allowed to stand for how long?
10 mins

MT6328 (18 decks)

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