Scalp, Face, & Head

Question 1

What are the layers of the scalp from superficial to deep?

Answer 1

• skin
• connective tissue
• aponeurosis
• loose areolar tissue
• pericardium

Question 2

What part of the occipitofrontalis retracts the scalp?

Answer 2

occipital belly

Question 3

What part of the occipitofrontalis protracts the scalp?

Answer 3

frontalis belly

Question 4

What is the arterial supply of the scalp?

Answer 4

• int. carotid art -> opthalmic art
• ext carotid art -> super. temporal, post auricular, & occipital

Question 5

What is the venous drainage of the scalp?

Answer 5

diploic veins in the diploe (spongy bone)

Question 6

What are the muscles of the mouth?

Answer 6

• orbicularis oris
• buccinator
• lip elevator
• lip depressor

Question 7

Which muscle of the mouth surrounds the entire mouth & forms sounds for speech?

Answer 7

orbicularis oris

Question 8

What are the attachments & action of the buccinator as a mouth muscle?

Answer 8

• prox: alveolar process
• distal: pterygomandibular raphe
• action: keeps cheek taut

Question 9

What are the lip elevators of the mouth?

Answer 9

• levator labii sup. alaeque nasi -> raises sup lip & nose
• levator labii sup -> raises sup lip
• zygomaticus maj & min -> elevate lip

Question 10

What are the lip elevators of the mouth?

Answer 10

• depressor anguli oris
• mentalis
• depressor labii inf -> depress lower lip
• platysma

Question 11

What are the 3 parts of the orbicularis oculi?

Answer 11

• orbital -> closes eyelids tightly
• palpebral -> closes eyelids
• lacrimal -> pulls eyelids medially

Question 12

What muscles act on the eyebrows?

Answer 12

• depressor supercilli
• corrugator supercilli
• procerus

Question 13

What muscles act on the nose?

Answer 13

• nasalis -> flares nostril
• depressor septi nasi -> depresses nostrils
• procerus -> top of the nose

Question 14

What are the muscles of mastication?

Answer 14

• masseter
• temporalis
• med & lat pterygoids

inn by trigeminal nerve

Question 15

What muscles of mastication close the mouth?

Answer 15

• temporalis
• masseter
• med pterygoid

Question 16

What muscle of mastication opens the mouth?

Answer 16

lat pterygoid

Question 17

What are the 5 branches of cranial nerve 7 in the face?

Answer 17

• temporal
• zygomatic
• buccal
• marginal
• cervical

Question 18

What muscles does the temporal branch of cranial nerve 7 innervate in the face?

Answer 18

• occipitofrontalis (frontal belly )
• orbicularis oculi
• auricularis sup & int

Question 19

What muscles does the zygomatic branch of cranial nerve 7 innervate in the face?

Answer 19

• orbicularis oculi
• zygomaticus
• levator labii sup

Question 20

What muscles does the buccal branch of cranial nerve 7 innervate in the face?

Answer 20

levator labii sup & orbicularis oris

Question 21

What muscles does the marginal mandibular branch of cranial nerve 7 innervate in the face?

Answer 21

• risorius
• depressor labii inf
• mentalis

Question 22

What muscle does the temporal branch of cranial nerve 7 innervate in the face?

Answer 22

platysma

Question 23

What are the 5 branches of the external carotid artery that supply the face?

Answer 23

• facial art
• super. temporal art
• maxillary art
• post. auricular
• occipital

Question 24

What branch of the external carotid artery branches into sup. + inf. labial & lat. nasal arteries?

Answer 24

facial artery

Question 25

What branch of the external carotid artery branches into sup + inf alveolar & buccal arteries?

Answer 25

maxillary branch

Question 26

What branch of the external carotid artery branches into the transverse facial artery?

Answer 26

sup. temporal art.

Question 27

What are the characteristics of the parotid gland?

Answer 27

* pierces buccinator @ 2nd molar * location: between mandible + SCM * inn: glossopharyngeal n

Question 28

What is the location & innervation of the submandibular gland?

Answer 28

* location: under the jawbone -> shoots saliva * inn: facial nerve

Question 29

What is the location & innervation of the sublingual gland?

Answer 29

* location: under the tongue * inn: facial nerve

Question 30

What is the veinous drainage of the head?

Answer 30

drains into int. jugular

Question 31

What is the innervation of the muscles of mastication and sensation to the face?

Answer 31

trigeminal nerve -> mandibular branch

Question 32

What are the branches of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 32

* opthalmic * maxillary * mandibular

Question 33

What muscles does the opthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve innervate?

Answer 33

* supra-orbital * supra-trochlear * infra-trochlear * lacrimal * ext nasal

Question 34

What muscles does the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve innervate?

Answer 34

* zygomatico-temporal * zygomatico-facial * infra-orbital

Question 35

What muscles does the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve innervate?

Answer 35

* auriculotemporal * buccal * mental

Question 36

What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 36

* genioglossus * hyoglossus * styloglossus * palatoglossus

Question 37

What are the attachments & action of the genioglossus tongue muscle?

Answer 37

* prox: sup mental tubercle * distal: hyoid body & tongue * action: protrude tongue & depress center of tongue

Question 38

What are the attachments & action of the hyoglossus tongue muscle?

Answer 38

* prox: greater horn & body of hyoid bone * distal: lat tongue * action: depression of lat tongue

Question 39

What are the attachments & action of the styloglossus tongue muscle?

Answer 39

* prox: styloid process * distal: lat tongue * actions: elevate & retract the tongue

Question 40

What are the attachments & action of the palatoglossus tongue muscle?

Answer 40

* prox: inf palatal aponeurosis * distal: lat tongue * actions: depress solf palate & elevate post. tongue

Question 41

All muscles of the extrinsic tongue is innervated by the hypoglosal nerve EXCEPT?

Answer 41

palatoglossus -> inn by vagus nerve

Question 42

What are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 42

* sup longitudinal -> taste buds * inf longitudinal * transverse * vertical

Question 43

What are the characteristics of the concha in the nasal cavity?

Answer 43

* bony structures * sup/mid/lat concha -> increase surface area * function: moisterize & warm the air passing through

Question 44

What is the location & function of the semilunar hiatus in the nasal cavity?

Answer 44

* groove in nasal cavity * function: drain most sinuses

Question 45

What is the location & function of the choanae in the nasal cavity?

Answer 45

* location: post to nostrils * function: connect nasal cavity to pharynx

Question 46

What is the location & function of the tours tubarius in the nasal cavity?

Answer 46

* location: between ear & nasopharynx * function: repressurize ear

Question 47

What is the location & drainage of the frontal sinus?

Answer 47

* location: above the inner eye & eyebrow * drainage: ethmoidal infundibulum -> semilunar hiatus

Question 48

What is the location & drainage of the ethmoid sinus?

Answer 48

* location: above nose & b/w the eyes * drainage: ant -> mid meatus; middle -> mid meatus; post -> sup meatus

Question 49

What is the location & drainage of the sphenoid sinus?

Answer 49

* location: behind ethmoid sinus * drainage: sphenoethmoidal recess

Question 50

What is the location & drainage of the maxillary sinus?

Answer 50

* location: below the eyes * drainage: maxillary ostium -> middle meatus

Question 51

What is the arterial supply & innervation of the oral cavity?

Answer 51

* arterial supply -> lingual art * inn: lingual n & hypoglossal n