Science Exam 1

Question 1

Science definition (investigating what and organizing what?)

Answer 1

a systematic process of investigating the universe, and organizing the knowledge gained into a logical structure

Question 2

The authority in science is…

Answer 2

observation

Question 2

Science is a human activity meaning

Answer 2

it is flawed

Question 2

Science cannot answer all of the questions about life meaning it is…

Answer 2

limited

Question 3

Scientific method steps

Answer 3

Observation, state a problem/pose a question, hypothesis, experiment, results, conclusion.

Question 3

Information discovered should lead to…

Answer 3

a conclusion/point made

Question 4

“He has made _____ ______ in its _____…”

Answer 4

everything, beautiful, time

Question 4

Ecclesiastes 3:11

Answer 4

He has made everything beautiful in its time. He has also set eternity in the human heart; yet no one can fathom what God has done from beginning to end.

Question 4

“Yet no one can ____ what ____ has ____ from _____ to _____”

Answer 4

fathom, God, done, beginning, end

Question 5

“He has also set ___ in the _____ _____”

Answer 5

eternity, human, heart

Question 6

Define hypothesis

Answer 6

a tentative explanation, consistent with facts, capable of being tested, can be proved false

Question 7

Define a theory

Answer 7

a hypothesis supported by a large body of observations and experimental results

Question 7

Principle/law

Answer 7

a theory that has held true to prediction over a long period of time and is universally accepted (judged to be of great importance)

Question 8

Atom

Answer 8

Smallest unit of an element

Question 8

Element

Answer 8

Something that has matter and takes up space. Cannot be separated into smaller substances thru chemical means

Question 9

Protons and neutrons are found in…

Answer 9

the nucleus

Question 9

a proton has a ___ charge (positive, negative or neutral)

Answer 9

positive

Question 10

a proton has atomic mass (a.m.u.) number of ____

Answer 10

1

Question 10

where is a proton located?

Answer 10

in the atom (nucleus)

Question 11

a neutron has a ___ charge

Answer 11

neutral

Question 12

a neutron has atomic mass number of ___

Answer 12

1

Question 12

where is a neutron located?

Answer 12

nucleus

Question 13

an electron has a ___ charge

Answer 13

negative

Question 14

an electron has atomic mass number of ___

Answer 14

0

Question 15

where is an electron located?

Answer 15

outside the nucleus (shells/orbitals)

Question 15

atomic number refers to...

Answer 15

number of protons in the element

Question 16

radioisotope

Answer 16

heavy isotopes that decompose

Question 17

mass number refers to...

Answer 17

sum of protons and electrons

Question 18

atomic notation is how ____ are identified

Answer 18

elements

Question 19

molecule

Answer 19

2 or more atoms bonded together

Question 19

what is an isotope

Answer 19

atom with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Question 20

ions

Answer 20

atoms that differ in their electrical charge

Question 20

exchange reaction

Answer 20

AB+C=AC+B (combination of decomposition and synthesis)

Question 20

compound

Answer 20

2 or more different atoms bonded together in a fixed ratio

Question 21

synthesis reaction

Answer 21

A+B=AB (absorbs energy such as proteins)

Question 22

decomposition reaction

Answer 22

AB=A+B (bonds are broken and energy is released example: digestion)

Question 23

octet rule

Answer 23

first shell of the atom holds 2 electrons, second shell holds 8, third shell holds 8 in an electron

Question 24

covalent bonds

Answer 24

the physical sharing of electrons (not necessarily equally sharing)

Question 24

polar

Answer 24

electrons are unequally shared

Question 25

ionic bond

Answer 25

when an atom gains or loses an electron, it becomes charged and opposite charges attract one another

Question 25

electronegativity

Answer 25

measurement of attraction that an atom has to another bonding electron (example how easily it can pull an electron from another)

Question 26

reduction

Answer 26

gains an electron

Question 26

hydrogen bond

Answer 26

a bridge formed between polar molecules with hydrogen atoms (amino acids, DNA)

Question 26

oxidation

Answer 26

loses an electron

Question 27

Bohr model is a model of...

Answer 27

a hydrogen atom

Question 28

Bohr model's three rules

Answer 28

allowed orbitals, radiationless orbits, quantum leaps

Question 29

non-polar

Answer 29

equal sharing of electrons (will dissolve as an example)

Question 30

Bohr's model says...

Answer 30

electrons orbit the nucleus at fixed energy levels

Question 31

Orbits further away from the nucleus exist at ______ energy levels (according to Bohr's model)

Answer 31

higher

Question 32

the equation for number of neutrons is ...

Answer 32

mass number - atomic number (top number minus bottom number)

Question 33

number of protons is determined by the...

Answer 33

atomic number (bottom number)

Question 34

the number of electrons in an element is always ____ to the number of protons

Answer 34

equal

Question 35

to determine mass number, add the number of _____ and ______ together

Answer 35

protons and neutrons