Section 21.6- Protozoa: Single-Celled Creatures

Question 1

unicellular animal-like creatures

Answer 1

protozoa

Question 2

are especially interesting to scientists because of their unusual resemblance to both plants and animals

found in freshwater ponds and streams

Answer 2

euglenas

Question 3

euglenas have green color because they contain

Answer 3

chlorophyll

Question 4

thickened membrane that covers the euglena’s cylindrical body and acts as a cell wall

Answer 4

pellicle

Question 5

whiplike filament located on its anterior end that allows a euglena to move freely

Answer 5

flagellum

Question 6

method of movement utilized by the euglena and found in no other organism

changes the body shape

Answer 6

euglenoid movement

Question 7

near the flagellum of thhe euglena

leads to a reservoir

Answer 7

gullet opening

Question 8

beside the reservoir of a euglena

stores and discharges water and liquid wastes

Answer 8

contractile vacuole

Question 9

a euglena possesses a _____________ and thus can manufacture own food

Answer 9

chloroplasts

Question 10

euglena are aided in the process of photosynthesis by a red, photosensitive

Answer 10

eyespot

Question 11

euglenas reproduce chiefly by

Answer 11

binary fission

Question 12

a parasitic flagellate that is transmitted to humans by bites from the tsetse fly

Answer 12

trypanosome

Question 13

trypanosome causes the disease

Answer 13

African sleeping sickness

Question 14

aids the trypanosome in its movement through the blood of its host

Answer 14

undulating membrane

Question 15

protozoa that have flexible bodies and can change shape at will

Answer 15

sarcodines

Question 16

the best known and most common sarcodine

Answer 16

amoeba

Question 17

fingerlike projections of an amoeba’s cell membrane that are continually pushed out to enable movement

give the organism an ever-changing, irregular body outline

Answer 17

pseudopods (false feet)

Question 18

pseudopods are used for _________________ and for ____________________

Answer 18

locomotion

ingesting food particles

Question 19

food taken into the amoeba’s body is enclosed within a

digests by special enzymes

Answer 19

food vacuole

Question 20

one harmful species of amoeba causes a sickness which is common is areas of the world where unsanitary conditions prevail

Answer 20

amoebic dysentery

Question 21

produce shells made of calcium carbonate

Answer 21

foraminiferans

Question 22

sarcodine that may be pressed together to make chalk

Answer 22

forminiferans

Question 23

sarcodines that secrete intricate shells made of silica

Answer 23

radiolarians

Question 24

hairlike projections

Answer 24

cilia

Question 25

can be distinguished by their unique slipper shape and the cilia that cover them on all sides are actually submarine-shaped

Answer 25

paramecium

Question 26

large nucleus possessed by a paramecium

Answer 26

macronucleus

Question 27

small nucleus possessed by a paramecium

Answer 27

micronucleus

Question 28

the outer layer of a paramecium is called the

Answer 28

cortex or ectoplasm

Question 29

the inner layer of the paramecium is called the

Answer 29

endoplasm

Question 30

the thick cell membrane of a paramecium is known as the

Answer 30

pellicle

Question 31

dartlike structures that the paramecium shoots out when it is attacked or when it is feeding

Answer 31

trichocysts

Question 32

the mouth cavity of a paramecium that resembles a tunnel

Answer 32

oral groove

Question 33

liquid wastes are excreted by the two star-shaped contractile vacuoles, and undigested food particles are released at the

Answer 33

anal pore

Question 34

paramecia reproduce by two ways

Answer 34

fission conjugation

Question 35

paramecia reproduction in which two paramecia exchange nuclear materials

Answer 35

conjugation

Question 36

a barrel-shaped ciliate that commonly feeds on paramecia

Answer 36

didinium

Question 37

a stalked ciliate commonly found in stagnant ponds like upside-down bell

Answer 37

vorticella

Question 38

a strumpet-shaped ciliate that grows to a length of 1/10 of an inch and can be found in fresh and salt water

Answer 38

stentor

Question 39

nonmotile protozoa that are spore-forming and are almost all parasites requiring two hosts

Answer 39

sporozoans

Question 40

one of the most common infectious diseases in the world is

Answer 40

malaria

Question 41

malaria is caused by the sporozoa

Answer 41

Plasmodium

Question 42

has one of the most complicated reproductive cycles of any protozoan

Answer 42

plasmodium

Question 43

reproduces both sexually, asexually and undergoes alternation of generations

Answer 43

Plasmodium