session 1 bio

Question 1

levels of biological organization

Answer 1

the biosphere -ecosystems- communities- populations- organisms- organs and organ systems- tissues- cells- organelles-molecules- atom

Question 2

3 domains

Answer 2

archaea bacteria and eukaria

Question 3

4 kingdoms within the eukaria

Answer 3

plants, fungi, animal, protist

Question 4

tl/f In cells that are preparing to divide, the

chromosomes may be made visible using a dye that appears blue when bound to the DNA

Answer 4

true

Question 5

each time a cell divides, the DNA is

Answer 5

replicated or copied, and each of the 2 cellular offspring inhereites a complete set of chromosomes, identical to that of the parent cell

Question 6

each chromosome contains

Answer 6

one very long DNA molecule with hundred or thousands of genes

Question 7

t/f genes are the units of inheritance

Answer 7

true

Question 8

t/f a Dna molecule is made up of 3 long chains

Answer 8

false. a dna molecule is made up of 2 long chains

Question 9

th chains that a dna molecule is made up of is called

Answer 9

strands

Question 10

strands are

Answer 10

arranged in a double helix

Question 11

each chain is made up of___ kinds of chemical building blocks called nucleotides

Answer 11

4

Question 12

nucleotides are abbreviated

Answer 12

A,T,C and G

Question 13

t/f Genes control protein production indirectly, using a related molecule called RNA as an intermediary

Answer 13

true

Question 14

the sequence of nucleotides in a gene is transcribed into___which is then translated into a linked series of protein building blocks called_________

Answer 14

RNA, AMNO ACIDS

Question 15

amino acids

Answer 15

protein building blocks

Question 16

The entire “library” of genetic instructions that an organism inherits is called its

Answer 16

genome

Question 17

t/f A typical human cell has

two similar sets of chromosomes, and each set has approximately 3 billion nucleotide pairs of DNA.

Answer 17

true

Question 18

The entire set of proteins expressed by a given

cell or group of cells is called a

Answer 18

proteome

Question 19

light microscope(lm)

Answer 19

visible light is passed through the specimen and then through the glass lenses( SIDE NOTE **The lenses refract (bend) the light in such a way that the image of the specimen is magnified as it is projected into the eye or into a camera )

Question 20

Light microscopes can magnify object that are___

Answer 20

1000 times its actual size of the sample

Question 21

light microscopes are used to examine

Answer 21

blood, tissue samples, human egg, frog egg, most animal and plant cell, smallest bacteria, living and dead cells,viruses and ribosomes with super resolution microscopy

Question 22

the three important parameters in microscopy are

Answer 22

magnification, resolution and contrast

Question 23

how much larger an image appears is called?

Answer 23

magnification

Question 24

____ a measure of the clarity of the image

Answer 24

resolution

Question 25

the light microscope cannot resolve detail

Answer 25

finer than about 0.2 micrometer (μm)

Question 26

___is the difference in brightness between | the light and dark areas of an image

Answer 26

contrast

Question 27

____the membrane-enclosed structures within eukaryotic cells.

Answer 27

organelles

Question 28

electron microscope (em)

Answer 28

focuses a beam of electrons through its specimen

Question 29

electron microscopes can theoretically achieve a resolution of

Answer 29

about 0.002 nm

Question 30

electron microscope are used to examine

Answer 30

human egg, frog egg, most animal and plant cell, smallest bacteria, viruses and ribosomes, proteins and lipids

Question 31

scanning electron microscopy (sem)

Answer 31

is especially useful for detailed study of the topography of a specimen, Micrographs taken with a scanning electron microscope show a 3-D image of the surface of a specimen.

Question 32

transition electron microsope(TEM)

Answer 32

is used to study the internal structure of cells; profiles (outlines) a thin section of a specimen

Question 33

cell fractionation is used

Answer 33

to isolate (fractionate) cell components based on size and density (it takes cells apart and separates major organelles and other sub cellular structures from one another)

Question 34

advantage for using light microscope (lm)

Answer 34

it can be used to studying living cells

Question 35

disadvantage for using microscopy

Answer 35

is that the methods used to prepare the samples (specimen) kill the cells

Question 36

dna is composed of building blocks called

Answer 36

nucleotides

Question 37

in a eularyotic cells DNA has the appearance of a

Answer 37

double helix

Question 38

which of te following are properties of lif? a) energy processing b) evolutionary adaptation c) growth and development d) response to environment e) all of the above

Answer 38

all of the above

Question 39

organisms are made up of

Answer 39

matter

Question 40

matter is anything

Answer 40

that takes up space

Question 41

matter is made up of

Answer 41

elements

Question 42

the effects of an iron deficiency in the diet

Answer 42

causes the thyroid gland to grow to abnormal size

Question 43

protons give the nucleus a ______charge

Answer 43

posititve

Question 44

atoms of the various elements differ in their number of

Answer 44

subatomic particles

Question 45

mass #

Answer 45

sum of protons + neutrons in the nucleus of the atom

Question 46

t/f hydrogen has neutrons

Answer 46

false, hydrogen has no neutrons, it has 1 proton and 1 electron