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Semester 2 - MSK > Session 7 - Femur > Flashcards

Session 7 - Femur Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main function of the femur?

A

To transmit forces from the tibia to the hip joint

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2
Q

What is this a picture of?

A

Proximal femur

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3
Q

What does the proximal femur form?

A

The hip joint via articulation with the pelvis

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4
Q

What is the proximalfemur made up of?

A

A head, a neck and two bony processes called trochanters, connected by two bony ridges

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5
Q

What is A?

A

The head, articulates with acetabulum

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6
Q

What is the point of the smooth surface of the head?

A

Provides point of attachment for ligament of the head

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7
Q

What is B?

A

The neck

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8
Q

What is C?

A

The great trochanter, the site of attachment of abductor and lateral rotator muscles of the leg

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9
Q

What is F?

A

Lesser trochanter, forms attachment for Psoas Major and iliacus muscle

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10
Q

What is I?

A

Intertrochanteric line Iliofemoral ligament attach here, which is a very strong ligament of the hip joint

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11
Q

What is the intertrochanteric line known as after it passes the lesser trochanter on the posterior surface?

A

The pectineal line

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12
Q

What is D?

A

The intertrochanteric crest

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13
Q

What is the rounded tubercle on the superior half of the proximal femur caled?

A

The quadrate tubercle, where the quadratus femoris attaches

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14
Q

What are the two classifications of femur neck fractures?

A

Subcapital and trochanteric

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15
Q

What is a subcapital fracture?

A

Result of a minor trip or stumble - Intracapsular fracture of femoral neck where head can undergo avascular necrosis as its blood supply is disrupted by the fracture The distal fragment is pulled upwards and rotated laterally. This can be seen clinically by a shorter leg length and the toes pointing laterally.

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16
Q

What demographic is most at risk of subcapital fractures?

A

Elderly, most commonly women

17
Q

What demographic are trochanteric fractures common in?

A

Young and middle aged people

18
Q

What is the difference between a subcapital fracture and a trochanteric fracture? What is a similarity?

A

Extracapsular and no avascular necrosis occurs However, leg is shortened and laterally rotated

19
Q

What is the blood supply to the femoral neck?

A

The medial circumflex femoral artery

20
Q

What is A?

A

Pectineal line

21
Q

What is B?

A

Gluteal tuberosity

22
Q

What is C?

A

Line aspera

23
Q

What is D?

A

Medial supracondylar line

24
Q

What is E?

A

Lateral supracondylar line

25
Q

What is F?

A

Adductor tubercle

26
Q

What is the result of an upper third shaft fracture?

A

Proximal fragment is flexed, abducted and laterally rotated. Distal fragment is adducteed lateraly rotated and elevated

27
Q

What is the result of a middle third of the shaft fracture?

A

Limb shortening occurs, due to distal fragment being pulled upwards

28
Q

What is the result of a lower third of the shaft

A

Limb shortening occurs due to the distal fragment being pulled upwards. The fragment is also rotated inferioly by the gastrocnemius muscle. This could interfere with popliteal artery and endager blood supply to leg and foot.

29
Q

What is A?

A

Lateral epicondyle

30
Q

What is B

A

Medial epicondle

31
Q

What is C?

A

Facetfor attachemnt of posterior cruciate ligament

32
Q

What is D?

A

Lateral condyle

33
Q

Whatis E?

A

Facet for attachment of anterior cruciate ligament

34
Q

What is F?

A

Medial condyle

35
Q

What is G?

A

Intercondylar fossa

36
Q

What is H?

A

Adductor tubercle

37
Q

What is I?

A

Medial epicondyle

38
Q

What is J?

A

Condyles - patella surface

39
Q

What is K?

A

Lateral epicondyle

Semester 2 - MSK (36 decks)

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