Side Effects pharm Flashcards by Nathaniel Guimont

Digoxin

SFX

ECG -dysrythia: paroxysmal tachy, 2:1 heart block

Cholinergic

Abx: normalize K levels

Does not cause hypokalemia, BUT co-presence can lead to decampment of toxicity, heart is overly sensitized to digoxin’s effects

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Gynectomastia inducing drugs(5)

Some drugs create awkward knockers

Spiranolactone
Digitalis
Cimetidine
Alcohol
Ketokonazole

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Cimetidine (3)

SFX

Inhibits cytochrome p450
antiadronogenic effects
cross BBB

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Antibiotics to Avoid in pregnancy

SAFe Children Take Really Good Care

Sufonamides - kernicterus
Aminoglycosides  -otoxicity
Flouroquinolones - Cartilage damage
Clarithromycin - embryotoxic
Tetracyclines - disolored teeth, inhib bone growth
Ribavirin -  teratogenic
Griseofulvin - tertogenic
Chloramphenicol - gray baby

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Celecoxib problem that is not w/ other NSAIDs

sulfa allergies

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trazadone

SFX

trazaBONE

priapism, postural hypersensitivity, sedation, nausea

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Buproprion

SFX

Siezure in buliemic patients

sitmulant effects

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Mirtazapine

SFX

increases appetite and dry mouth

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Category X drugs (6)

SFX

methotrexate- folate deficiency
isotreinism -spontaneous abortion, HoxD13
warfarin - spontanteous abortion
statin - CNS/ limbs
Thalidomide - limbs
DES - clear cell vaginal adenocarcinoma

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Heart and limbs develop around

week 4

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Genetalia develop around week

week 10

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Fetal movement begins

week 8

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Abx to stop if pregnant

tetracycline - teeth
aminoglycosides - ototoxicity
floroquinoones - bones

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seizure disorder and pregnant - stop what 3 drugs

phenytoin
valproic acid
arbamesepine

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Hypertension medication to stop in pregnancy

ACE inhibitors - renal damage

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Drugs that induce P450? (7)

Coronas, Guiness and PBRS lead to CHRONIC ALCHOLSIM

Carbamazapine
Griseofulvin
Phenytoin
Barbiturates
Rifampin
St Johns Wart
Chronic alcoholism

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Drugs linked to steven Johnson Syndrome (8)

Anti epileptics
- ethosuxamide
-lamotriginine
-carbamazepine
-phenytoin
-phenobarbitol
Abx:
-sulfonamides
-penicillins
Allopurinol

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Drugs linked to Agranulocytosis(5)

Carbamazepine - siezure
clozapine - antipsych
colchicine - gout
propothiouracil and methimazole - antithyroid

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Blood dysrasia seizure medication (2)

carbamazipine

ethosuximide

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Cutaneous Flushing drugs (4)

VANC

Vancomycin
Adenosine
Niacin
Ca channel blockers - Amlodipine, nefidipine

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Coronary Vasospasm drugs (5)

Cocaine
Sumatriptans
ergot alkaloids 
amphetamine
methamphetamine

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Dilated cardiomyopathy SFx (2)

Doxorubicin - adriamycin

daunorubicin

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Torsades de Pointes SFx Drugs(6)

Rx w?

Macrolides
haloperidol
chloroquine
protease inhibitors
Class III - K channel blockers (Amniodarone)
Class IA - Na channel blockers (quinidine)

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AgranuloCytosis SFx Drugs (6)

Clozapine
Carbamazapine
Colchacine

Propylthiouracil
methimazole

dapsone

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Aplastic Anemia (5)

Chloramphenicol benzene NSAIDs propylthiouracil methimazole

Grey baby syndrome Pathogenesis

Chloramphenicol low UDP glucoronyl transferase low in babies

anemia (hemolysis) in G6PD SFx

``` isoniazid Sulfonamides Primaquine HIGH ASA Ibuprofen Nitrofuranitoin Dapsone Fava Beans Naphalene ```

Why are we worried about OCPs in smokers over 35?

Risk of thrombotic complications

Thrombocytopenia Drug SFx (2)

Heparin | Cimetidine

Pulmonary Fibrosis Drug SFx (3)

Amiodarone - Check LFTs, TFTs, PFTs Bleomycin Busulfan

Cough due to a medication due to

Ace inhibitors Bradykinin

Hepatic Necrosis drug SFx(4)

Halothane Amantia phalloides - mushroom Valproic acid Acetaminophen

Hepatitis Drug SFx (1)

Isoniazid

Pseudomembranous colitis (3)

clindamycin ampicillin amoxicillin

Hot flashes SFx(2)

Tomoxifen clomiphene (SERMs - > high LH and FSH levels)

Adrenocortical insufficiency

corticosteriod withdrawal

Hypothyroidism drug SFx (3)

Lithium amiodarone sulfonamides

Gout exacerbation drug SFx (5)

``` Furosimide thizazide niacin cyclosporine pryazinamide ```

Gingival hyperplasia Drug SFx (2)

*Phenytoin verapamil

Osteoporosis Drug SFx (2)

corticosteroids heparin

Photosensitivity Drug SFx (2)

SATs for PHOTO Sulfonamides Amiodarone Tetracycline

Stevens Johnson Rash Drug (4)

``` Penicillin sulfa drugs allopurinol Anti siezure - ethosuximide -carbamazepine -lamotrigine -phenytoin -phenobarbital ```

Drug induced SLE (5)

SHIPP ``` Sulfonamides hydralazine INH Procainamide Phenytoin ```

Tendonitis and rip in tendon drug SFx

fluoroquinolones

Diabetes insipidus Drug SFx (2)

Lithium | demeclocycline

Fanconi's syndrome Drug SFx (2) | -What is it?

expired tetracycline, heavy metal exposure proximal tube defect leading to spillage of required items can also be caused by wilsons disease

Interstitial nephritis Drug SFx (3)

Abx (methicillin) NSAIDs furosemide

Cinchonism What is it? What drugs are associated? (2)

Dizziness w/ HA, vision changes and tinnitus Quinidine (class IA antiarrythmic) and quinine

Parkinson like symptoms Drug RXn (3)

Lowering Dopamine antipsychotics reserpine (packages) metoclopramide (given for gastroparesis maybe?)

Seizure inducing drugs(5)

``` isoniazid Buproprion Imipenem/cilastatin Tramadol Metoclopramide ```

Tardive Dyskinesia

antipsychotic

Antimuscarinic SFx (4)

Atropine TCAs H1 blockers Neuroleptics - thiordazine, chlorpromazine

Nephrotoxicity w/ ototoxicity(4)

Aminoglycosides vancomycin loop diuretics cisplatin

nephrotoxicity w/ neurotoxicity (3)

aminoglycosides* cisplatin* polymixin ototoxic as well

Methanol in the body is converted to what toxic metabolite

formaldehyde

Ethylene glycol in the body is converted to what tosco metabolite

oxelic acid

Acetaminophen toxicity? works by?

n acetycysteine replenishing glutathione that helps w/ NPAQI metabolites that damage hepatocytes

presentation of N/V dizzy and tinnitus - overdose of? Rx?

ASA NaHCO3

Presentation of bad teeth and anxiety and confusion, excitability? Rx

Methamphetamine NH4Cl

``` Antimuscarinic overdose (dry as a bone, blind as a bat ) Rx? ```

physostigmine

overdose of verapamil and beta blocker -> bradycardia Rx (3)

Glucagon -> increases cAMP in myocardium atropine Ca

Digitalis overdose see? Rx(2)

arrythmia and electrolyte imbalance Anti dig Fab normalize K

Kid eats too many vitamins worry of what? Symptoms of Ab pain, hematuriosis, melana, lethargy Rx?

Iron overload DeFeroxamine, DeFerasirox

Kid with developmental delays, basophilic stippling, nonspecific GI worry of? Rx?(3)

Lead poisoning Dimercaperol, EDTA, Succimer

Mercury, arsenic or gold poisoning Rx?(2)

Dimercaperol Succimer

Copper, Arsenic, gold Rx

Penicillamine

Patient comes from a house fire and maybe has cyanide poisoning Rx ?(3)

nitrites thiosulfate hydroxocobalamin

Methemoglobin Rx (2)

Methylene Blue Vitamin C

Patient presents w/ very red lips and uses a kerosine lamp to heat his car worry of? Rx?

Carbon monoxide poisoning 100% O2

Methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning Rx

Fomeprizol Ethanol also

Benzodiazapine overdose Rx? Worry of

Flumazenil Seizures

OPiods in a mother prior to labor and she delivers early, give what to the baby?

Naloxone

TCA overdose?

NaHCO3 - alkalize the urine

Heparin overdose?

Protamine

Warfarin overdose initially and over time?

FFP if quick vit K 3-5 days

TPA, Streptokinase and urokinase overdose Rx

aminocaproic acid

Thophylline overdose see? Rx?

Tachy, arrhythmic - narrow TI beta blocker

Drugs that SHOULD NOT be given to sulfa allergy patients(8)

``` Celecoxib sulfonamides - TMP-SMX acetazolamide - carbonic anhydrase inhib Loop diuretics - furosemide Thiazide diuretics Probenacid - gout excreter Sulfonylureas - DM II sulfasalazine - Ulcerative colitis ```

Sulfa Drugs Frequently Cause Terrible Acute Symptoms

``` Sulfasalazine /(TMP-SMX) probenaciD Furosemide (loops) Celecoxib Thiazide Acetazolamide Sulfonureas ```

Side effects of Sulfonamides(6)

hypersensitivity* hemolysis w/ G6PD def nephrotoxixity - tubointerstial nephritis photosensitivity kernicterus in infants (N overload peri-birth) displacement from alumin (warfarin)

TMP-SMX indications(4)

``` UTI Shigella Salmonella Pneumocisitis jirovecii -prophylactic <200 CD4 ```

TMP-SMX toxicity(3) | -TMP concerns

megaloblastic anemia leukopenia grancytopenia Rx- folic acid rescue - leucovorin

Floroquinalone concerns (3)

tendonitis -tendon rupture Contraindicated in pregnancy and kids due to hardness on articular cartilage

Side Effects pharm Flashcards

(83 cards)