Skeletal & Muscular Systems (Chapter 5) Flashcards
(112 cards)
1
Q
pain in a joint
A
arthralgia
2
Q
inability to coordinate muscles while executing a voluntary movement
A
ataxia
3
Q
lacking development, or wasting
A
atrophy
4
Q
abnormally slow movement
A
bradykinesia
5
Q
difficulty in movement
A
dyskinesia
6
Q
deformities that arise during development
A
dystrophy
7
Q
excessive development
A
hypertrophy
8
Q
muscle tenderness or pain
A
myalgia
9
Q
state of rigidity of muscle during which the muscle is unable to contract
A
rigor
10
Q
abnormal, sudden, involuntary muscle contraction (tonic spasm), or series of alternating muscle contractions & relaxations (clonic spasm)
A
spasm
11
Q
pain in a tendon
A
tenodynia
12
Q
involuntary shaking of limbs
A
tremor
13
Q
abnormal, slow growth of long bones resulting in unusually short, stocky limbs
A
achondroplasia
14
Q
abnormal condition of joint stiffness
A
ankylosis
15
Q
inflammation & degeneration of a joint
A
arthritis
16
Q
inflammation of cartilages w/in joints
A
arthrochondritis
17
Q
abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the big toe
A
bunion
18
Q
inflammation of a bursa
A
bursitis
19
Q
calcium deposit (or stone) w/in a bursa
A
bursolith
20
Q
CTS: repetitive stress injury in which the median nerve of the wrist generates pain impulses due to inflammation of the synovial sheath
A
carpal tunnel syndrome
21
Q
drooping of the wrist AKA wrist drop
A
carpoptosis
22
Q
deterioration or softening of cartilage
A
chondromalacia
23
Q
prolonged, involuntary muscular contractions
A
cramps
24
Q
fissure of the skull present at birth
A
cranioschisis
25
inflammation of an intervertebral disk
diskitis
26
DMD: congenital condition that results in progressive muscular weakness & deterioration
Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
27
inflammation of cartilages of the elbow
epicondylitis
28
break in a bone
fracture
29
abnormal deposition of uric acid crystals in the joints causing localized pain
gout
30
rupture of an intervertebral disk resulting in protrusion of tissue against spinal nerves or spinal cord, generating pain
herniated disk
31
deformity of the spine characterized by the presence of a hump AKA humpback
kyphosis
32
inflammation of lateral tendon of the elbow AKA tennis elbow
lateral epicondylitis
33
deformity of the spine characterized by an anterior curve of the lumbar area AKA swayback
lordosis
34
inherited condition resulting in excessive cartilage formation at growth plates, forming long arms & legs
Marfan's syndrome
35
inflammation of maxilla
maxillitis
36
inflammation of meniscus
meniscitis
37
weakness in muscles
myasthenia gravis
38
tumor composed of bone marrow cells
myeloma
39
protrusion of muscle through it's fascia
myocele
40
spasm or twitching of muscle or muscle group
myoclonus
41
inflammation of muscle tissue
myositis
42
inflammation of bone
osteitis
43
viral infection of bone that causes deformities of the skeleton & results from acceleration of bone loss AKA Paget's disease
osteitis deformans
44
OA: form of arthritis characterized by an age-related deterioration of joints that is accompanied by erosion of cartilage & painful inflammation
osteoarthritis
45
inflammation of bone & associated cartilage
osteochondritis
46
benign tumor of bone, where the tumor contains fibrous connective tissue that surrounds bone
osteofibroma
47
inherited condition that results in impaired growth & fragile bones; leads to progressive skeletal deformation & frequent fractures
osteogenesis imperfecta
48
gradual & painful softening of bones
osteomalacia
49
painful bone infection caused by bacteria; characterized by inflammation of red bone marrow
osteomyelitis
50
death of bone tissue
osteonecrosis
51
excessive formation of dense bone, which crowds out marrow cavities & leads to cutting off the blood supply to bone AKA marble bone
osteopetrosis
52
abnormal loss of bone density
osteoporosis
53
primary cancer of bone
osteosarcoma
54
paralysis of both legs & the lower part of the body
paraplegia
55
partial motor paralysis
paresis
56
inflammation of many muscles simultaneously
polymyositis
57
paralysis of all 4 appendages
quadriplegia
58
RA: form of arthritis characterized by progressive, gradual joint deterioration that is caused by an autoimmune response
rheumatoid arthritis
59
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
scoliosis
60
SCI: trauma to the spinal cord, which often results in paralysis
spinal cord injury
61
inflammation of intervertebral joints
spondylarthritis
62
injury that results from stretching a ligament beyond its normal range, tearing its collagen fibers
sprain
63
injury that results from stretching a muscle beyond its normal range, tearing muscle tissue
strain
64
cancer of synovial membrane in a joint
synoviosarcoma
65
inflammation of a tendon, such as in rotator cuff tendinitis AKA pitcher's shoulder
tendinitis
66
inflammation of a tendon and the synovial membrane that surrounds it
tenosynovitis
67
surgical puncture of a joint to aspirate fluids from the synovial cavity
arthrocentesis
68
breaking of an abnormally stiff joint during surgery to increase range of motion
arthroclasia
69
surgical fixation (stabilization) of a joint
arthrodesis
70
x-ray film of a joint after injection of air, contrast media, or both
arthrogram
71
physician who specializes in the treatment of joint disease
arthrologist
72
field of medicine concerned w/ the study & treatment of joint disease
arthrology
73
surgical repair of a joint, which may involve total joint replacement
arthroplasty
74
surgery of a joint using an arthroscope
arthroscopic surgery
75
endoscopic visual examination of a joint cavity using a fiber-optic instrument (arthroscope)
arthroscopy
76
surgical incision into a joint
arthrotomy
77
surgical excision of a bursa
bursectomy
78
surgical incision into a bursa
bursotomy
79
field of therapy that mainly involves manipulation of the vertebral column
chiropractic
80
specialist in chiropractic
chiropractor
81
surgical excision of a joint cartilage
chondrectomy
82
surgical repair of a joint cartilage
chondroplasty
83
surgical excision of a rib
costectomy
84
surgical repair of a defect in the cranium
cranioplasty
85
surgical entry into the cranium
craniotomy
86
surgical excision of an intervertebral disk
diskectomy
87
EMG: diagnostic procedure that records the strength of muscle contraction
electromyography
88
surgical incision into fascia
fasciotomy
89
surgical excision of part of a vertebra known as the lamina, often part of treatment for a herniated disk
laminectomy
90
surgical removal of a meniscus
meniscectomy
91
surgical repair of muscle tissue
myoplasty
92
closing a muscle w/ sutures
myorrhaphy
93
medical field that manages musculoskeletal diseases
orthopedics
94
physician who specializes in musculoskeletal diseases
orthopedist
95
construction & fitting of orthopedic appliances, such as lifts, prosthetic devices, etc, to assist in patient movement
orthotics
96
technician who specializes in orthotics
orthotist
97
surgical excision of bone
ostectomy
98
surgical breaking of a bone to correct a defect
osteoclasis
99
technician who specializes in treatment of bone disease
osteologist
100
field of medicine concerned w/ study & treatment of bone disease
osteology
101
DO: physician trained in osteopathy
osteopath
102
medical field that emphasizes the relationship between the musculoskeletal system & overall health, w/ emphasis on preventative medicine
osteopathy
103
surgical repair of bone
osteoplasty
104
physician trained in podiatry
podiatrist
105
medical field that specializes in treating the foot
podiatry
106
artificial substitute for a missing body part
prosthesis
107
surgical incision into the vertebral column
rachiotomy
108
surgical connection of adjacent vertebrae, usually as a treatment for a herniated disk AKA spondylosyndesis
spinal fusion
109
surgical excision of a joint's synovial membrane
synovectomy
110
surgical repair of a muscle & its tendon
tenomyoplasty
111
closing a tendon w/ sutures
tenorrhaphy
112
incision into a tendon
tenotomy
