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Virology > Skin (Exam 4) > Flashcards

Skin (Exam 4) Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Newcastle Disease Virus is within what genus? Which family?

A

Genus: Avulavirus
Family: Paramyxoviridae

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2
Q

Newcastle Disease Virus is of the Paramyxoviridae virus which is a (negative/positive) sense (DNA/RNA) virus.

A

negative sense DNA virus

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3
Q

Newcastle Disease Virus causes serious disease in:

A

poultry

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4
Q

(T/F) Newcastle Disease Virus is zoonotic.

A

True

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5
Q

What clinical sign does Newcastle Disease Virus cause in poultry?

A

conjunctivitis

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6
Q

Direct contact and mechanical vectors ______ and _____ transmit Newcastle Disease Virus.

A

rodents, flies

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7
Q

List the 3 pathotypes of Newcastle Disease Virus.

A
  1. velogenic type
  2. mesogenic type
  3. lentogenic type
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8
Q

Match the Newcastle Disease Virus pathotype to its description:

  1. low pathogenicity, subclinical/mild disease
  2. moderate disease, death in young birds
  3. severe disease
A
  1. lentogenic
  2. mesogenic
  3. velogenic
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9
Q

The velogenic pathotype of Newcastle Disease Virus has two variants:

A

viscerotropic
neurotropic

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10
Q

(T/F) Velogenic Type Newcastle Disease Virus is reportable in the US.

A

True

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11
Q

Velogenic pathotype of Newcastle Disease Virus causes ________ Newcastle Disease.

A

Exotic

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12
Q

The viscerotropic variant of Exotic Newcastle Disease causes necrosis and hemorrhage of ________ and a friable, enlarged _______.

A

cecal tonsil
spleen

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13
Q

Neurotropic pathotype of Exotic Newcastle Disease have NO gross lesions, but neuronal ________ & _______ histologically.

A

necrosis & gliosis

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14
Q

Newcastle Disease can cause clinical signs in 4 different body systems:

A

respiratory
CNS
enteric
reproductive

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15
Q

Vaccination for Newcastle Disease Virus can use ________ strains or inactivated vaccines.

A

lentogenic

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16
Q

Which virus is endemic to Africa & Egypt, is zoonotic, and readily infects humans?

A

Rift Valley Fever Virus

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17
Q

Rift Valley Fever Virus is part of which Family? Which Genus?

A

Family: Bunyaviridae
Genus: Phlebovirus

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18
Q

Rift Valley Fever Virus is a(n) (enveloped/nonenveloped) (positive/negative) sense (DNA/RNA) virus with 3 segments.

A

enveloped negative sense RNA virus

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19
Q

While Rift Valley Fever Virus infects ruminants, dogs, cats, swine, and humans, which two are the Amplifying hosts?

A

ruminants & humans

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20
Q

(T/F) Rift Valley Fever Virus is most severe in sheep and young animals.

A

True

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21
Q

Rift Valley Fever Virus is a(n) _______-borne virus.

A

arthropod

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22
Q

Rift Valley Fever Virus is transmitted by ______ vectors and _______ transmission.

A

insect
aerosols

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23
Q

The main clinical sign with Rift Valley Fever Virus is:

A

epidemic hepatitis

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24
Q

Rift Valley Fever Virus causes massive liver necrosis, high rate of ________, and (high/low) mortality in calves/lambs.

A

abortion
high

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25
Rift Valley Fever Virus causes these clinical signs in which species? flu-like disease fatal hemorrhagic fever encephalitis
humans
26
Orbiviruses include which 3 specific viruses?
1. African Horse Sickness Virus 2. Bluetongue Virus 3. Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus
27
African Horse Sickness Virus is considered an "________".
arbovirus
28
African Horse Sickness Virus is transmitted by what kind of vectors?
arthropods (ticks, mosquitos, culicoides)
29
______ develop severe disease while _______ & ______ develop mild disease to African Horse Sickness Virus.
horses donkeys/zebras
30
African Horse Sickness Virus infects hosts via infect bite and infecting ________ which eventually goes to the lung, heart, spleen, liver, kidneys, and lymph nodes.
leukocytes
31
List the 4 syndromes/forms that can occur due to infection with African Horse Sickness Virus.
1. peracute pulmonary form 2. subacute cardiac form 3. horse sickness fever 4. mixed form
32
(T/F) Papilloma viruses are host-specific and zoonotic.
False - NOT zoonotic
33
Grossly, Papilloma viruses are:
warts (rarely neoplasia)
34
Papilloma viruses are (ss/ds) (DNA/RNA) viruses that infect ________ cells.
dsDNA epithelial
35
Papilloma viruses can be ________, which infect upper differentiated epithelial cells, or ________, which infect basal epithelial cells.
productive non-productive
36
List 4 viruses discussed that are Papilloma viruses.
1. bovine papilloma viruses 2. equine sarcoid virus 3. equine papillomavirus 4. canine papilloma viruses
37
Bovine Papilloma Viruses can appear in two forms:
cutaneous esophageal
38
Equine ________ is a locally aggressive, non-metastatic fibroblastic skin tumor.
sarcoid
39
Equine Sarcoid occurs in (old/young) horses.
young
40
Multiple factors such as genetics, skin trauma, and _______ Papillomavirus Types 1 & 2 can cause Equine Sarcoid.
bovine
41
Equine Sarcoid can appear 3 ways clinically. Match the term to its description: 1. small, wart-like growth 2. variable (nodule or ulcerated mass) 3. slow-growing, thickened skin
1. verrucous 2. fibroblastic 3. occult
42
Equine Papillomavirus can cause _________ warts in young horses or _________ warts in horses of any age.
cutaneous flat
43
There are ___ Canine Papilloma Viruses which cause skin warts and 1 which causes Canine _____ Papillomavirus.
3 oral
44
(T/F) Poxviridae is very environmentally stable, surviving for years in dust.
True
45
Poxviridae is a (large/small) (ss/ds) (DNA/RNA) virus.
large dsDNA virus
46
Where does Poxviridae replicate?
cytoplasm
47
_________ immunity is needed to protect from Poxviridae while ________ immunity is not protective.
cell-mediated humoral
48
Poxviridae is transmitted through shedding via:
scabs
49
Poxviridae causes a gross lesion called a _______ and a histological lesion called _________.
pock viroplasms
50
Capripoxviruses include which 3 specific viruses? Which species are affected?
1. sheeppox (sheep) 2. goatpox (goats) 3. lumpy skin disease virus (cattle)
51
Capripoxviruses are inoculated or inhaled and then replicate in _________, leading to viremia and subsequent infection of __________.
lymphoid tissues keratinocytes/epithelial cells
52
List two possible clinical signs other than pock formation from Sheeppox and Goatpox Viruses.
mucosal ulcers pneumonia
53
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus causes diffuse dermal or subdermal pocks called _________ and central, inverted conical areas of necrosis called "_________".
granulomas sit-fast
54
List the 4 viruses that are Orthopox Viruses.
1. Vaccinia Virus 2. Cowpox Virus 3. Monkeypox Virus 4. Variola Virus
55
________ virus is an Orthropox virus which protects humans from smallpox.
vaccinia
56
________ Virus is spread via direct contact, infects a variety of species, and was used by Edward Jenner to protect humans from smallpox.
Cowpox
57
Match the clinical signs of Cowpox Virus to the species: 1. fever, ulcerated nodules, pneumonia 2. vesicles/ulcers (udder, teat) 3. pock (face or hands)
1. cats 2. cows 3. humans
58
________ Virus infects squirrels, non-human primates, and humans, spread via respiratory transmission.
Monkeypox
59
Humans infected with ________ virus develop swollen lymph nodes and blister rashes that resembles smallpox.
Monkeypox
60
What is the reservoir host for Cowpox & Monkeypox Viruses?
rodents
61
_______ Virus is the cause of smallpox, the first eradicated disease.
variola
62
Variola Virus causes fever followed by _______ formation.
pock
63
Contagious Ecthyma / Pustular Dermatitis Virus and Pseudocowpox Viruses are a part of which overall group of viruses?
Parapoxvirus
64
Which parapoxvirus is one of the most common zoonoses?
Contagious Ecthyma / Pustular Dermatitis Virus
65
Contagious Ecthyma infects which 3 species?
sheep, goats, humans
66
Immunity to Contagious Ecthyma is (short/long) term.
short
67
What are the major clinical signs of Contagious Ecthyma?
crusted ulcers & thick scabs (teats, udders of ewes)
68
Which virus is zoonotic and its main clinical sign if a horseshoe red lesion on the teats, udder, or perineum?
Pseudocowpox
69
List 2 Leporipoxviruses in Rabbits.
Myxoma Virus Rabbit Fibroma Virus
70
_________ Virus causes benign skin fibroma in ALL rabbits while ________ Virus causes conjunctivitis and death in European rabbits but benign skin fibroma in wild rabbits.
Rabbit Fibroma Myxoma
71
__________ is a worldwide endemic swine pox virus with high morbidity and low mortality.
suipoxvirus (swinepox)
72
Suipoxvirus can be transmitted via direct contact and mechanical vector, ___________ ________.
Hematopinus suis (louse)
73

Virology (13 decks)

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