Small Ruminant Clinical Procedures

Question 1

What is an Ewe?

Answer 1

adult female sheep

Question 2

What is a Ram?

Answer 2

adult male sheep

Question 3

What is a Wether?

Answer 3

castrated male sheep
or
castrated male goat

Question 4

What is a Lamb?

Answer 4

neonate (sheep)

Question 5

What is lambing?

Answer 5

act of parturition (sheep)

Question 6

What is a Doe/Nanny?

Answer 6

mature female goat

Question 7

What is a Buck/Billy?

Answer 7

mature male goat

Question 8

What is a Kid?

Answer 8

neonate (goat)

Question 9

What is kidding?

Answer 9

act of parturition (goat)

Question 10

What is a normal temperature for small ruminants?

Answer 10

101-104*F

Question 11

What is a normal pulse rate for small ruminants?

Answer 11

70-90bpm

Question 12

What is a normal respiration rate for small ruminants?

Answer 12

12-30bpm

Question 13

What type of estrous cycle do sheep and goats have?

Answer 13

breed dependent

Question 14

How long is a sheep’s gestation period?

Answer 14

148 days

Question 15

What is a sheep’s average weening age?

Answer 15

9-12 weeks

Question 16

How long is a goat’s gestation period?

Answer 16

151 days

Question 17

What is the most common method of semen collection?

Answer 17

electroejaculation

Question 18

Why is cervical artificial insemination difficult in ewe?

Answer 18

because of tortuous cervix with cervical rings

Question 19

How is embryo transfer done?

Answer 19

must be done surgically

Question 20

What are the stages of parturition?

Answer 20

impending parturition, delivery of neonate, passing of placenta

Question 21

How long can stage one of parturition last in Ewes?

Answer 21

1-4 hours

Question 22

How long can stage one of parturition last in Does?

Answer 22

up to 12 hours

Question 23

What is the most common cause of dystocia?

Answer 23

fetal malposition

Question 24

Dystocia is common in _______ but uncommon in ___________.

Answer 24

common in sheep, uncommon in goats

Question 25

What are the procedures to treat dystocia?

Answer 25

mutation by traction, fetotomy, c-section

Question 26

What is important to neonatal care?

Answer 26

umbilicus and umbilical cord care for first two weeks

Question 27

What are the primary causes of neonatal deaths?

Answer 27

diarrhea and starvation

Question 28

What are the most common signs of illness in neonates?

Answer 28

weakness and depression

Question 29

What are weakness and depression commonly caused by in neonates?

Answer 29

hypoglycemia and hypothermia

Question 30

What is the dental formula for small ruminants?

Answer 30

2 (I 0/4 C 0/0 PM 3/3 M 3/3) = 32

Question 31

What vein is most commonly used for blood draws and catheterization?

Answer 31

jugular

Question 32

How can urine be collected in sheep?

Answer 32

females can be stimulated by holding the nostrils and mouth shut for up to 45 seconds

Question 33

How can urine be collects in goats?

Answer 33

after lateral recumbency, may urinate when they stand

Question 34

Why is urinary catheterization difficult in males?

Answer 34

difficult die to the sigmoid flexure and urethral process at end of penis

Question 35

How are oral medications given?

Answer 35

balling gun, orogastric tube

Question 36

How much can be given at each IM injection site?

Answer 36

no more than 5ml per site

Question 37

What muscle is most commonly used for IM injections?

Answer 37

lateral cervical muscle