small test 4

Question 1

what is cataracts

Answer 1

malformation of lens of the eye

Question 2

what drugs do we use to treat cataracts

Answer 2

with certain antioxidants we can delay but thats all

Question 3

how can cataracts be a side effect of diabetes mellitus

Answer 3

bc of increased glucose the proteins in the lens are glycated

Question 4

under UV light what colour does an ulcerated cornea have

Answer 4

green apple like

Question 5

why must we see the damage in the surface of the eye before giving GCs

Answer 5

they can delay healing and damage cornea

Question 6

eye ointments features

Answer 6

• present on eye surface for longer periods of time

- they can cause blurred vision bc of their opacity

Question 7

eye drops features

Answer 7

water, tear can wash them out so must reapply

Question 8

infectious eye diseases

Answer 8

• fe rhinotracheitis - calici and herpes viruses
• fungal infection in eq
• canine distemper

Question 9

when should we use GCs in the eye

Answer 9

chronic bacterial conjunctivitis

Question 10

when shouldnt we use GCs in the eye

Answer 10

viral infections - bc they suppress the immune system

Question 11

options for treatment of allergic conjunctivitis

Answer 11

mast cell stabilisers
vasoconstriction
antihistamines

Question 12

mast cell stabilisers that can be used in case of allergic conjunctivitis

Answer 12

sodium chromoglycate
lodoxamide
nedocromil

Question 13

vasoconstrictors that can be used in case of allergic conjunctivitis

Answer 13

tetryzoline HCl - redness of eye reduced for a while, only treats symptoms

Question 14

antihistamines that can be used in case of allergic conjunctivitis

Answer 14

azelastine
olopatadine
epinastine
emedastine
antazoline

Question 15

which stain should we use on a corneal ulcer

Answer 15

fluorescein stain

Question 16

treatment options for a corneal ulcer

Answer 16

AB
NSAIDs
atropine
protease inhibitors

Question 17

how does atropine help in the case of corneal ulcer

Answer 17

cyclospasm is present - cycloplegia helps relieve

Question 18

should we use GCs in the case of a corneal ulcer

Answer 18

no

Question 19

should we use ointment in the case of a corneal ulcer

Answer 19

no ointment

Question 20

whats an autoserum eyedrop

Answer 20

blood sample of patient, centrifuge, keep in fridge and use for eye drops

Question 21

uveitis cause

Answer 21

AB, immunosuppression

Question 22

the use of a mydriatic like atropine in uveitis

Answer 22

• topically
• analgesic activity
• inhibition of synechiae
• quick degradation in inflammed eye

Question 23

anti inflammatory drugs for use in uveitis

Answer 23

prednisolone

Question 24

how should we give anti-inflammatories in anterior uveitis

Answer 24

topically

Question 25

how should we give anti inflammatories in panuveitis

Answer 25

systemic or subconjunctival

Question 26

cause for ERU - equine recurrent uveitis

Answer 26

immunosuppression

Question 27

treatment for ERU

Answer 27

cyclosporin subconjunctival implant

Question 28

cause for dry eye syndrome

Answer 28

potentiated sulfonamides, viral infection

Question 29

name of test for dry eye syndrome

Answer 29

schirmers test

Question 30

dry eye syndrome other name

Answer 30

keratoconjunctivitis sicca

Question 31

treatment options for dry eye syndrome

Answer 31

immunosuppression artficial tear AB topically

Question 32

glaucoma treatment aim

Answer 32

intraocular pressure decr

Question 33

two ways to decr intraocular pressure

Answer 33

incr outflow of aqueous humour | deccr production of aqueous humour

Question 34

drug groups of incr outflow of aqueous humour

Answer 34

parasympathomimetics sympatholytics prostaglandin analogues

Question 35

drugs groups to decr production of aqueous humour

Answer 35

sympatholytics | carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Question 36

is atropine used in glaucoma

Answer 36

no its contraindicated

Question 37

equine medicated feed

Answer 37

only drugs with wide TI | vitamins, food additives

Question 38

equine nasogastric tube

Answer 38

activated charcoal | can only be used once and cannot be attached

Question 39

equine gel/paste

Answer 39

different flavours | deworming agents

Question 40

equine IV injection

Answer 40

use jugular vein - over IM

Question 41

IM injection equine

Answer 41

not liked bc of abscesses | needs to be given deep into the muscle

Question 42

equine intrauterine tablet

Answer 42

not so frequent | used to treat metritis

Question 43

ruminants oral admin

Answer 43

drench - liquid drugs, mass medication process | antibiotics prohibited orally as they harm microflora

Question 44

ruminants intraruminal device

Answer 44

bolus doesnt give orally modified release substances rumen v sensitive

Question 45

ruminants pour on

Answer 45

like spot on | antiparasitic agents

Question 46

ruminants intrauterine tablets

Answer 46

used frequently post partum to prevent mastitis

Question 47

intravaginal drug delivery system

Answer 47

oestrous synchronisation - progesterone

Question 48

ruminants intramammary infusion

Answer 48

milking/dry cows bismuth salts antiseptics for mastitis

Question 49

swine IM injection

Answer 49

not into femoral muscles - into neck, bc of discolouration

Question 50

swine SC inj

Answer 50

behind ear

Question 51

swine spray

Answer 51

antiparasitic agents

Question 52

swine nasal drip

Answer 52

in case of piglets

Question 53

poultry medicated feed

Answer 53

no the best idea they tend to sort their food mass treatment

Question 54

poultry medicated water

Answer 54

mass treatment

Question 55

poultry tube

Answer 55

dont use in treatment mainly in experiments individual treatment

Question 56

poultry spraying

Answer 56

fumigation more frequent vaccines given like this external antiparasitics

Question 57

IM inj poultry

Answer 57

pectoral muscles | not recommended in meat producing animals, for breeding, laying can use

Question 58

IV inj poultry

Answer 58

wing veins

Question 59

fumigation/ vapours poultry

Answer 59

for vaccination eg newcastle disease

Question 60

dog cat external treatment

Answer 60

shampoo, spray, spot on

Question 61

dog cat internal treatment types

Answer 61

enteral parenteral inhalation

Question 62

birds treatment is it individual

Answer 62

yes

Question 63

what to take into consideration when treating birds

Answer 63

stress sensitivity | injuries, fragile bones

Question 64

reptiles, amphibians treatment is it individual

Answer 64

yes

Question 65

reptiles, amphibians things to consider when treating

Answer 65

poikilothermic animals | renal portal system

Question 66

fishes treatment

Answer 66

group medication - individual | water- feed

Question 67

how do we admin drugs individually to fish

Answer 67

intracoelomically

Question 68

honey bee medication type

Answer 68

group

Question 69

honey bee external treatment methods

Answer 69

spraying evaporating smoking

Question 70

honey bee internal treatment methods

Answer 70

enteral - sugar pie, sugar syrup fumigation fogger

Question 71

external drug admin to farm animals without fixation

Answer 71

dustbag, dusting gate footbath spraying

Question 72

external drug admin to farm animals with fixation

Answer 72

dipping pour on impregnated ear tag

Question 73

internal drug admin to farm animals without fixation

Answer 73

medicated feed medicated drinking water salty blocks

Question 74

internal drug admin to farm animals with fixation

Answer 74

drench mass vaccination fumigation, vapours